摘要
民族政策历史文本是研究中国共产党民族领域政策话语体系发展脉络与演进逻辑的重要素材。本文采用定性语句分析方法梳理中国共产党民族领域政策话语变迁的重要文本,探寻中国共产党民族领域政策话语体系演进,讨论了中华民族、中华民族多元一体与中华民族共同体话语;民族自决、民族自治与民族区域自治话语;民族问题是革命总问题的一部分、民族问题的实质是阶级问题与民族问题是社会总问题的一部分话语。从中国共产党民族政策的基本经验来看,创造性地提出了铸牢中华民族共同体意识这条民族工作主线,坚持民族区域自治制度是我国的一项基本政治制度,走出了一条中国特色解决民族问题的正确道路。从中国共产党民族政策演进发现,民族认同与国家统一不可分割,国家利益高于一切。民族问题的解决需要坚持实事求是的原则,继续沿着民族区域自治制度这一基本政治制度不断前行。民族问题与社会问题紧密相连,处理民族问题必须坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合。
The historical documents of ethnic policies serve as important materials for studying the developmental context and evolutionary train of thought of the Communist Party of China's(CPC)policy discourse system in the ethnic domain.Using qualitative sentence analysis to examine the important texts documenting the CPC's policy discourse changes on ethnic issues,this article reveals several key insights.Firstly,the centurylong evolution of the CPC's ethnic policy discourse system evolved from emphasizing the"Chinese nation"to highlighting the""diversity in unity of the Chinese nation",and then to focusing on the"Chinese national community";from advocating"ethnic self-determination""to implementing"ethnic autonomy",and then to establishing"regional ethnic autonomy";and from regarding"ethnic issues are part of the general problem of the revolution""to viewing"the essence of ethnic issues is class issues",and then to understanding"ethnic issues are part of the general problem of society".Secondly,the basic experience of the CPC's ethnic policies could be summarized as follows:The main task of ethnic work has been centered around forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation;the system of regional ethnic autonomy stands as a basic political system in China;and a correct,Chinese-characteristic path to solving the ethnic problem has been formed.Finally,the contemporary implications of the CPC's ethnic policy include:National identity is inseparable from national unity,with national interests taking precedence;the solution of ethnic problems requires adherence to the principle of seeking truth from facts and continued commitment to the basic political system of the regional ethnic autonomy;given the close con connection between ethnic and social issues,it is essential to adapt the basic principles of Marxism to the Chinese context while dealing with ethnic problems.In other words,only when all ethnic groups deeply sense they are indispensable members of the big family of the Chinese nation,this deep-seated sense of identification with the Chinese nation can translate into a strong national cohesion.Such cohesion is an important force in ensuring the longterm unity,harmony and stability of the country,and is the basis for the"national interests above everything else".In addition,in dealing with ethnic issues,it is viewed as essential to gain a thorough understanding of the actual situation and characteristics of various ethnic groups,respecting historical,realistic,objective,and subjective factors,so as to formulate fact-based solutions and policy measures.What is more,in resolving the ethnic issues,it is important to place it in the broader context of societal development,ensuring coordination with solutions to other social problems to foster a synergistic development environment.In sum,looking back at the CPC's historical exploration of ethnic issues,adhering to the basic principles of Marxist ethnic theory and adapting them to the Chinese context is regarded as key to guiding the CPC in correctly facing and appropriately handling ethnic issues.This would entail consistently relying on Marxist ethnic theory as a guiding compass,upholding a people-centered concept of development,effectively safeguarding the fundamental interests of all ethnic groups,and promoting united efforts among all ethnic groups towards common prosperity.
作者
陶斯文
蔡林
Tao Siwen;Cai Lin(School of Community for the Chinese Nation,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China;School of Marxism,Sichuan Institute of Industrial Technology,Deyang,618000,Sichuan,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第11期72-79,133,共9页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“成渝地区双城经济圈人口流动与城市多民族社区治理研究”(20BMZ117)
西南民族大学中央高校项目“民族事务治理与中华民族共同体建设研究”(2022SPYZX02ZD)、西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目“数字媒体与铸牢民族高校大学生中华民族共同体意识研究”(YCBS2024011)阶段性成果。
作者简介
陶斯文(1969-),男,重庆石柱人,西南民族大学中华民族共同体学院教授、博士生导师,研究方向:马克思主义民族理论与政策;蔡林(1986-),男,四川德阳人,西南民族大学中华民族共同体学院博士研究生,四川工业科技学院马克思主义学院副教授,研究方向:马克思主义民族理论与政策。
