摘要
目的基于人工智能自动脑分割技术探讨中国孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童脑结构特征,并分析其脑结构特征与脑发育状态之间的相关性。方法病例对照研究。收集2023年1月至2024年4月在青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院心理科就诊的符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计分析手册》第5版ASD诊断标准的儿童52例及青岛地区性别、年龄相匹配的正常发育(TD)儿童48例,受试者均使用GE 3.0T磁共振行三维T1加权像序列扫描。使用自动脑分割技术获得脑内各结构的标准化体积值(脑结构绝对体积与全脑体积的比值);采用两独立样本t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验分析2组儿童脑内各结构标准化体积值的差异;并采用Pearson和Spearman相关分析探讨显著差异脑区体积数据与Gesell发育量表评分之间的相关性。结果与TD组比较,ASD组双侧脑灰质体积[左侧25.45%(0.70%)比25.16%(1.05%),右侧(25.89±0.71)%比(25.51±0.73)%]、右侧眶额叶外侧部体积[(0.62±0.03)%比(0.59±0.05)%]、右侧眶额叶内侧部体积[(0.48±0.04)%比(0.46±0.04)%]、右侧三角部体积[(0.38±0.07)%比(0.35±0.05)%]、双侧海马体积[左侧0.22%(0.04%)比0.20%(0.02%),右侧0.23%(0.04%)比0.22%(0.02%)]、双侧海马旁回体积[左侧0.15%(0.03%)比0.14%(0.02%),右侧(0.15±0.02)%比(0.14±0.02)%]、左侧梭状回体积[(0.82±0.08)%比(0.78±0.08)%]、右侧颞上回体积[(0.96±0.10)%比(0.90±0.09)%]、双侧岛叶体积[左侧(0.54±0.03)%比(0.53±0.04)%,右侧(0.55±0.03)%比(0.53±0.04)%]、右侧顶下小叶体积[(1.40±0.16)%比(1.33±0.12)%]、右侧楔前叶体积[(0.99±0.09)%比(0.94±0.09)%]、右侧壳核体积[(0.37±0.04)%比(0.35±0.03)%]、双侧苍白球体积[左侧(0.14±0.01)%比(0.13±0.01)%,右侧0.14%(0.02%)比0.13%(0.01%)]及右侧丘脑体积[(0.51±0.04)%比(0.49±0.03)%]显著增大,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而ASD组左侧矩状回体积[(0.19±0.04)%比(0.20±0.04)%]及胼胝体后部体积[0.05%(0.01%)比0.06%(0.01%)]显著减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关分析显示,ASD儿童右侧丘脑体积与适应性发育商之间呈负相关(r=-0.276,P=0.048);ASD儿童左侧梭状回、左侧矩状回体积与精细动作发育商之间呈负相关(r=-0.290,P=0.037;r=-0.368,P=0.007);ASD儿童右侧楔前叶与个人社交发育商之间呈负相关(r=-0.396,P=0.007)。结论ASD儿童存在多个脑区体积异常,且部分脑区与脑发育状态相关。基于人工智能的自动脑分割技术能快速直观地测量和显示孤独症谱系障碍儿童及正常发育儿童脑结构体积。
ObjectiveTo characterize the brain structure of Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)using artificial intelligence automatic brain segmentation technique,and to analyze the correlation between the characteristics of the brain structure and the degree of brain development.MethodsA case-control study.The data of 52 children who were diagnosed with ASD according to the diagnostic criteria for ASD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition of the United States at the Department of Psychology of Qingdao University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were prospectively analyzed.Meanwhile,48 gender-and age-matched typically developing(TD)children in Qingdao were also included.The three-dimensional T1 weighted imaging sequences of all patients were obtained using a GE 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging scanner.Automated brain segmentation techniques were used to obtain the standardized volumes of each brain structure(the ratio of the absolute volume of the brain structure to the whole brain volume).Two-independent-samples t and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the standardized volumes of different brain regions between the 2 groups.Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were used to depict the correlations between volume data of brain areas with significant differences and Gesell Developmental Scale scores.ResultsCompared with those in the TD group,the volumes of the left grey matter[25.45%(0.70%)vs.25.16%(1.05%)],the right grey matter[(25.89±0.71)%vs.(25.51±0.73)%],the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex[(0.62±0.03)%vs.(0.59±0.05)%],the right medial orbitofrontal cortex[(0.48±0.04)%vs.(0.46±0.04)%],the right pars triangularis[(0.38±0.07)%vs.(0.35±0.05)%],the left hippocampus[0.22%(0.04%)vs.0.20%(0.02%)],the right hippocampus[0.23%(0.04%)vs.0.22%(0.02%)],the left parahippocampal gyrus[0.15%(0.03%)vs.0.14%(0.02%)],the right parahippocampal gyrus[(0.15±0.02)%vs.(0.14±0.02)%],the left fusiform gyrus[(0.82±0.08)%vs.(0.78±0.08)%],the right superior temporal gyrus[(0.96±0.10)%vs.(0.90±0.09)%],the left insular lobe[(0.54±0.03)%vs.(0.53±0.04)%],the right insular lobe[(0.55±0.03)%vs.(0.53±0.04)%],the right inferior parietal cortex[(1.40±0.16)%vs.(1.33±0.12)%],the right precuneus cortex[(0.99±0.09)%vs.(0.94±0.09)%],the right putamen[(0.37±0.04)%vs.(0.35±0.03)%],the left pallidum[(0.14±0.01)%vs.(0.13±0.01)%],the right pallidum[0.14%(0.02%)vs.0.13%(0.01%)],and the right thalamus[(0.51±0.04)%vs.(0.49±0.03)%]were significantly increased in the ASD group(all P<0.05).Nonetheless,the volumes of the left pericalcarine cortex[(0.19±0.04)%vs.(0.20±0.04)%]and the corpus callosum posterior region[0.05%(0.01%)vs.0.06%(0.01%)]in the ASD group were considerably smaller than those in the TD group(all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the right thalamus volume was negatively correlated with the Gesell-adaptation development quotient in children with ASD(r=-0.276,P=0.048).The volumes of the left fusiform gyrus and left pericalcarine cortex were negatively correlated with the Gesell-fine motor development quotient in children with ASD(r=-0.290,P=0.037;r=-0.368,P=0.007).The right precuneus cortex volume was negatively correlated with the Gesell-personal and social competence development quotient in children with ASD(r=-0.396,P=0.007).ConclusionsChildren with ASD show abnormalities in the volumes of multiple brain regions,and some brain regions are related to the degree of brain development.Automatic brain segmentation technology based on artificial intelligence can rapidly and directly measure and display the volume of brain structures in both ASD and TD children.
作者
徐晓文
李杨
丁宁
郑桂芬
吴彤彤
李洋
孙珊珊
宋修峰
Xu Xiaowen;Li Yang;Ding Ning;Zheng Guifen;Wu Tongtong;Li Yang;Sun Shanshan;Song Xiufeng(Department of Radiology,Qingdao University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital,Qingdao 266000,China;Department of Psychology,Qingdao University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital,Qingdao 266000,China)
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
北大核心
2025年第1期50-55,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
基金
青岛市医药卫生科研指导项目(2022-WJZD147)
青岛市医疗卫生科研项目(2024-WJKY112)。
关键词
脑结构体积
自动脑分割技术
磁共振成像
孤独症谱系障碍
Brain structure volume
Automatic brain segmentation technique
Magnetic resonance imaging
Autism spectrum disorder
作者简介
通信作者:宋修峰,Email:song-sxf@163.com。
