摘要
以凉山烟区各植烟县域59个样点的177份烤烟样品为研究对象,运用因子分析、聚类分析和反距离权重插值等方法,分析了烤烟的质量特征及其空间分布规律。结果表明:凉山产区烤烟常规化学成分的变异系数为4.06%~34.70%,变幅较大,感官质量变异系数为6.47%~10.53%,不同区域烤烟外观质量一致性较强,其变异系数仅为3.35%~4.62%。烤烟综合质量得分为26.99~88.54,在平分欧式距离为0.3处可将烤烟分为4类,依据得分的高低依次为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ类,其平均得分分别为82.04、64.48、48.05和33.10,其中,Ⅰ类烟区集中分布于会理南部和会东西部,Ⅱ类烟区位于会理北部、会东东部、盐源中部、西昌北部、喜德和冕宁地区,Ⅲ类烟区主要呈现块状分布在德昌、普格、宁南和越西地区,Ⅳ类烟区零星分布于越西、普格和宁南地区。由此可知,凉山Ⅰ类烟区烤烟的化学成分协调性好、感官和外观质量表现优异,其苯丙氨酸和多酚含量高,质体色素和氨基酸总量相对较低,香气物质前体物与质量指标的和弦图结果也显示了多酚总量和苯丙氨酸含量的增加有利于提升烤烟品质,质体色素和氨基酸总量的效果则与之相反。因此,在栽培、调制、加工和醇化等阶段提升烤烟的多酚和苯丙氨酸含量,适当降低质体色素和氨基酸总量有利于进一步提高凉山烤烟品质。
A total of 177 flue-cured tobacco samples from 59 production points across various tobacco-growing counties in the Liangshan region were analyzed.Factor analysis,cluster analysis,and inverse distance weighting interpolation methods were employed to assess the quality characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the coefficient of variation for conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco in the Liangshan region ranged from 4.06%to 34.70%,indicating substantial variability,while the coefficient of variation for sensory quality ranged from 6.47%to 10.53%.The appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco showed strong consistency in different regions,with a coefficient of variation of only 3.35%~4.62%.The comprehensive quality score of flue-cured tobacco ranged from 26.99 to 88.54.At an equal Euclidean distance of 0.3,the tobacco could be categorized into four groups,with average scores of 82.04,64.48,48.05 and 33.10 for groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ,respectively.GroupⅠtobacco-growing regions were concentrated in the southern part of Huili and the western part of Huidong.GroupⅡregions were located in northern Huili,eastern Huidong,central Yanyuan,northern Xichang,and Xide and Mianning areas.GroupⅢregions were mainly distributed in block patterns in Dechang,Puge,Ningnan and Yuexi,while GroupⅣregions were scattered in Yuexi,Puge and Ningnan.GroupⅠregions exhibited excellent chemical composition coordination,superior sensory and appearance quality,which were characterized by high phenylalanine and polyphenol content,with relatively low plastid pigments and total amino acids.The chord diagram of aroma precursor substances and quality indicators further revealed that increasing total polyphenols and phenylalanine content could enhance tobacco quality,whereas higher plastid pigment and total amino acid content had the opposite effect.Enhancing the polyphenol and phenylalanine content while moderately reducing plastid pigments and total amino acids during cultivation,curing,processing and aging stages can further improve the quality of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco.
作者
张震
袁文彬
王文辉
左安建
杨天旭
严玛丽
王维
邵兰军
ZHANG Zhen;YUAN Wen-bin;WANG Wen-hui;ZUO An-jian;YANG Tian-xu;YAN Ma-li;WANG Wei;SHAO Lan-jun(China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
2025年第1期43-50,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划资助项目“凉山高端烟叶原料风格形成的物质基础及其调控技术研究与应用”(2022440000340037)。
关键词
烤烟
质量评价
空间分布
凉山烟区
Flue-cured tobacco
Quality evaluation
Spatial distribution
Liangshan tobacco-growing area
作者简介
张震(1991-),男,广东广州人,助理农艺师,主要从事烟叶原料研究工作;通信作者:邵兰军。
