摘要
为提高水库中排沙洞的排沙效率,研发了一种新型旋流排沙装置。利用数值模拟试验和水工模型试验两种方法,研究了旋流排沙装置中叶轮组合、旋流场的流速分布特征、旋流排沙装置对排沙洞口泥沙的冲淤特性和排沙效率的影响。数值模拟结果表明,旋流排沙装置中单叶轮的流场范围随转速的增大而扩大,但当叶轮转速增加至20r/s时流场范围不再增加;旋流排沙装置中组合旋流场范围取决于叶轮的转速及其布置方式,当以三角形方式布置时,组合流场范围也随叶轮转速的增加而扩大,但叶轮间距布置过小会导致能量耗散过高,叶轮间距布置过大则不能形成有效的组合流场,旋流排沙装置的最优运行状态为叶轮距离为70mm、转速为20r/s。数值模拟和模型试验结果表明,旋流排沙装置可有效增大排沙洞的排沙效率和冲淤范围,当库区水位较深形成冲沙漏斗时,旋流排沙装置可使排沙洞的排沙效率提高71.5%;当库区水位较浅形成冲沙廊道时,旋流排沙装置能使排沙洞的排沙量增加4.02kg,说明该装置对库区水深较浅的淤积泥沙具有较好的排出效果,对解决甘肃河西水少沙多型水库内的泥沙淤积问题具有重要意义。
In order to improve the sediment removal efficiency of sediment removal tunnels in reservoir,we have developed a new type of swirl sediment removal device.In this paper,the different combinations of impellers in swirl sediment removal device,the velocity distribution of swirl flow field,and the influence of swirl flow device on the scouring and silting characteristics and the efficiency of sediment removal at the mouth of a sand drainage tunnel are studied by numerical simulation and hydraulic model test.The numerical simulation results show that the flow field range of the single impeller in the swirl sand removal device expands with the increase of the rotational speed,but the flow field range does not increase when the rotational speed of the impeller increases to 20 r/s.The range of swirl flow field after the combination of multiple impels in the swirl sand removal device depends on the rotational speed of the impels and their arrangement.When the swirl sand removal device is arranged in a triangular manner,the range of the combined swirl flow field also expands with the increase of the rotational speed of each impeller.However,too small arrangement distance between impeller groups will lead to too high energy dissipation,and too large arrangement distance between impeller groups can not form an effective combined swirl field.The optimal operating state of swirl sand removal device is that the distance between impeller groups is 70 mm and the rotating speed of impeller is 20 r/s.The results of numerical simulation and hydraulic model test show that the swirl sand removal device can effectively increase the sand removal efficiency of the tunnel and the range of strong scouring and silting.When the reservoir water level is deep and the silting form is a scouring funnel,the swirl sand removal device can increase the efficiency of the tunnel by 71.5%;When the reservoir water level is shallow and the form of sediment deposition is a sand flushing corridor,the swirl sediment removal device can increase the sediment discharge capacity of the tunnel by 4.02 kg,indicating that the device has a better removal effect on the sediment deposition in the reservoir with shallow water depth.It is of great significance to solve the problem of sediment deposition in Hexi reservoir with less water and more sediment in Gansu province.
作者
王昱
王哲辉
张宝泉
雒天峰
张晓龙
任伟龙
王玉昆
WANG Yu;WANG Zhe-hui;ZHANG Bao-quan;LUO Tian-feng;ZHANG Xiao-long;REN Wei-long;WANG Yu-kun(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Povince,China;Key Laboratory of Biomass and Solar Energy Complementary Energy Supply System in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Povince,China;Water Resources Utilization Center of the Taolai River Basin in Gansu Province,Jiuquan 735000,Gansu Province,China;Gansu Provincial Department of Water Resources Fee Center,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Povince,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2025年第1期32-38,46,共8页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52169015)
甘肃省重点研发计划项目(23YFFA0020)
甘肃省2023年水利科研与技术推广项目(23GSLK032)联合资助。
关键词
数值模拟
水工模型试验
库区排沙
旋流场
numerical simulation
hydraulic model experiment
sediment discharge in reservoir area
swirling flow field
作者简介
王昱(1979-),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要研究方向为寒旱区河流生态水力学及流域水环境。E-mail:wangyu-mike@163.com。
