摘要
具有日间被动辐射冷却的纺织品可以减轻高温天气对人体的伤害。文章以腈纶和蚕丝两种原料为基材,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、无机纳米粒子二氧化硅(SiO_(2))和三氧化二铝(Al_(2)O_(3))的混合分散液为整理剂对纱线进行处理,利用手摇横机制备了两种罗纹组织的针织面料,再对织物进行盐酸刻蚀造孔处理,得到了具有高效辐射制冷效果的降温针织面料。研究表明,织物表面及纤维间被填料粒子覆盖,经盐酸刻蚀后出现均匀微孔;盐酸刻蚀得到的微孔能够明显提高织物对太阳光的反射率;与原织物相比,盐酸刻蚀后的织物在大气窗口的平均红外发射率约为87.9%,太阳反射率为75.0%,在辐照强度为501 mW/cm^(2)时,与对照织物相比可降低温度约12℃,具有较大的应用潜力。
Textiles designed for daytime passive radiative cooling have the potential to alleviate the adverse effects of elevated temperatures.This study presents the preparation of two types of knitted fabrics characterized by a ribbed structure,produced using a hand-cranked flatbed machine.The utilized substrates were acrylic and silk,while the finishing agent comprised a mixed dispersion of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),along with inorganic nanoparticles of silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))and aluminum trioxide(Al_(2)O_(3)).Subsequently,the fabrics underwent hydrochloric acid etching to introduce perforations,resulting in knitted fabrics with enhanced radiative cooling efficiency.The results indicate that filler particles covered the fabric surface and within the inter-fiber spaces,leading to the formation of uniform micropores following hydrochloric acid etching.The micropores obtained by hydrochloric acid etching can obviously improve the reflectivity of sunlight;compared with the original fabric,the average infrared emissivity of the fabric after hydrochloric acid etching in the atmospheric window is about 87.9%,and the solar reflectivity is 75.0%;the temperature can be reduced by about 12℃compared with the control fabric when the irradiation intensity is 501 mW/cm^(2),which has a large application potential.
出处
《纺织导报》
2025年第1期45-50,共6页
China Textile Leader
基金
上海市启明星扬帆专项(22YF1400500)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2232022D-11)。
关键词
辐射冷却
整理剂
罗纹组织
多孔结构
radiative cooling
finishing agent
rib stitch
porous structure
作者简介
海文清,女,1999年生,博士在读,主要研究方向为辐射冷却织物;通信作者:毕思伊,讲师,E-mail:siyibi@dhu.edu.cn。
