摘要
[目的/意义]数字经济时代数据成为战略性生产要素,数据政策迭代发展成为主要国家促进科技创新、提升竞争力的关键举措。分析比较各国数据政策的发展趋势和特点,能够为完善我国数据治理体系与提升数据治理能力提供借鉴。[方法/过程]本文通过网络调研法收集科技强国的国家数据战略与核心数据政策集,结合重要智库相关报告,分析各国数据政策的发展历时演变和趋势特征。[结果/结论]研究发现,科技强国的数据政策呈现出5个趋势:加快升级国家数据战略;设立专职数据治理部门;监督数据政策落实;重视跨境数据治理竞争;将价值观嵌入数据治理规则。本文在总结各国数据政策发展演变和趋势特点的基础上,剖析我国数据政策的薄弱点并提出5条政策建议:提出并实施“数据强国”建设国家战略;系统完善国家数据管理机制;统筹数据创新研发资助,加快落实数据监管标准机制;实施主动式数据生产战略以扩大国家战略数据资产;积极参与全球数据治理体系,发挥全球数据治理领导力。
[Purpose/Significance]In the digital economy era,data has emerged a strategic production factor.The iterative development of data policies has become a crucial measure for leading countries to promote technological innovation and enhance competitiveness.Analyzing and comparing the development trends and characteristics of data policies across different nations can provide reference for improving China’s data governance system and capacity.[Method/Process]By collecting the national data strategies and core data policy sets of the major scientific and technological powers through the network research method,and combined with the reports of important think tanks,this paper analyzes the time-honored evolutions of the data policy orientations of various countries and summarizes the characteristics of the development trends behind them.[Result/Conclusion]It is found that the data policies of the major science and technology powers show similar trends in five aspects:accelerating the upgrade of national data strategies,setting up an independent data governance department,supervising the implementation of data policies,emphasizing cross-border data governance competition,and embedding values into data governance rules.On the basis of summarizing the trend of data policy development in various countries,this paper analyzes the weaknesses of China’s data policy and puts forward five policy recommendations:propose and implement the national strategy of building a“data power”;systematically improve the national data management mechanism;coordinate the funding of research and development on data innovation and expedite the implementation of a mechanism for data regulatory standards;implement a proactive data production strategy to expand national strategic data assets;actively participate in the global data governance system and play a leading role in global data governance.
作者
陈一帆
冯志刚
张志强
Chen Yifan;Feng Zhigang;Zhang Zhiqiang(National Science Library(Chengdu),Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610299;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Department of Emergency Management Training,Party School of the Shandong Province of C.P.C(Shandong Academy of Governance),Jinan 250014)
出处
《智库理论与实践》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期39-49,共11页
Think Tank:Theory & Practice
基金
中国科学技术协会项目“成渝地区双城经济圈数字经济高质量发展战略研究”(项目编号:2023070615CG062028)的研究成果之一。
关键词
数据政策
国家数据战略
美国
英国
欧盟
日本
data policy
national data strategy
the United States
the United Kingdom
European Union
Japan
作者简介
陈一帆,中国科学院成都文献情报中心博士研究生,E-mail:chenyifan232@mails.ucas.ac.cn;冯志刚,中共山东省委党校(山东行政学院)应急管理培训部讲师,博士,E-mail:fengzhigang2015@163.com;通信作者:张志强,中国科学院成都文献情报中心研究员、博士生导师,博士,E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn。
