摘要
张载的“心解”以丰富的内在认知理论,向内体认向外落实,由自发到自觉诠释着主体虚心工夫的修养。以“心解则求义自明”为中心的主体论诠释,通过“绝四”和“格物”滋养德性,涵养主体之虚心。结合张载心性论,通过主体“尽心”“穷理”“尽性”道德修养工夫的培养和落实,克服“因物为心”的局限,以大心体天下之物;以穷理超越见闻,尽人知觉之明,实现主体内在化的自觉;落实穷理所得,由穷理之明推致尽性之诚,完成人道的最高实现。“心解”以由人而天的逻辑进路,通过“穷神知化”的道德追求将主体内化的德性由内而外显发出来。由是,“心解”就形成了一个完整的闭环,向内以工夫滋养,向外以神发显,凸显着主体的能动性与创造性。
Zhang Zai's"mental interpretation",with its rich internal cognition theory,carries out the internal cognition and external implementation,and interprets the subject's self-cultivation from self-initiative to self-consciousness.The interpretation of subjectivism,centered on"seeking justice and self-understanding",nourishes virtue and cultivates the modesty of the subject through"the absolute four"and"the things".Combining with Zhang Zai's theory of the nature of the mind,through the cultivation and implementation of the subject's moral cultivation efforts of"heart","poor reason"and"full nature",it overcomes the limitation of"mind because of things"and focuses on the world's things with a big mind.It transcends seeing and hearing,makes full use of human perception,and realizes the consciousness of subject internalization.The implementation of the poor theory of income,from the poor theory of wisdom to the sincerity of the nature,completes the highest realization of humanity.With the logical approach from man to heaven,"mind interpretation"manifests the internalized virtue of the subject from the inside to the outside through the moral pursuit of"despotism".Therefore,the"mind solution"forms a complete closed loop,which is nourished inward by effort and is manifested outward by divine development,highlighting the initiative and creativity of the subject.
作者
马林瑞
MA Linrui(School of Marxism,Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen,Jiangxi 333000,China)
出处
《西安石油大学学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第6期109-113,130,共6页
Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Social Science Edition
基金
2023年江西省科学教育学会在校研究生课题重点项目“张载教育哲学及其当代价值研究”(2023KXJYS012)。
关键词
张载
心解
主体论
天人贯通
Zhang Zai
mind-hermeneutics
subjectivity theory
connect heaven and human
作者简介
马林瑞,男,陕西咸阳人,景德镇陶瓷大学马克思主义学院硕士研究生,研究方向:张载教育哲学。
