摘要
Electroreduction of small molecules such as CO2,N2,and NO3−is one of the promising routes to produce sustainable chemicals and fuels and store renewable energy,which could contribute to our carbon neutrality goal.Emerging multicomponent electrocatalysts,integrating the advantages of individual components of catalysts,are of great importance to achieve efficient electroreduction of small molecules via activation of inert bonds and multistep transformation.In this review,some basic issues in the electroreduction of small molecules including CO2,N2,and NO3−are briefly introduced.We then discuss our fundamental understanding of the rule of interaction in multicomponent electrocatalysts,and summarize three models for multicomponent catalysts,including type I,“a non-catalytically active component can activate or protect another catalytic component”;type II,“all catalytic components provide active intermediates for electrochemical conversion”;and type III,“one component provides the substrate for the other through conversion or adsorption”.Additionally,an outlook was considered to highlight the future directions of multicomponent electrocatalysts toward industrial applications.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002172 and 22121002)
the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(J210020)
the Photon Science Center for Carbon Neutrality。
作者简介
Shunhan Jia received his B.S.degree in Chemistry from Nankai University working with Prof.Zhiqiang Niu on the design and fabrication of flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries.After his undergraduate research stay in Prof.Enzheng Shi's group at Westlake University focusing on 2D halide perovskite heterostructures,he started to pursue his Ph.D.under the supervision of Prof.Buxing Han and Prof.Xiaofu Sun at the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).His research interests now center on multicomponent catalysts and the transformation of inert molecules(e.g.,CO2 and N2)into valueadded chemicals using renewable energy;Limin Wu received her B.E.degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Hebei University of Technology.She started to pursue her Ph.D.under the supervision of Prof.Xiaofu Sun at the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Her research is focused on the utilization and conversion of nitrate;Liang Xu received her Ph.D.degree in Chemical Engineering and Technology from Beijing University of Chemical Technology in 2019.Currently,she is working as a post-doctoral fellow with Prof.Buxing Han and Prof.Xiaofu Sun at the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Her research interests mainly focus on the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2/NOx into high valueadded chemicals;Xiaofu Sun received his B.S.degree in Chemistry from Nankai University in 2011 and M.S.degree in Physical Chemistry from Renmin University of China in 2014.He earned his Ph.D.degree at the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)in 2017,and did postdoctoral research at Nanyang Technological University.He has been a professor at the Institute of Chemistry,CAS,since 2019.His current research interests cover utilization and conversion of CO2/NOx,applications of green solvents(e.g.,H2O,ionic liquids),and design and synthesis of novel catalysts and catalytic systems,E-mail:sunxiaofu@iccas.ac.cn;Buxing Han received his Ph.D.degree from the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)in 1988,and did postdoctoral research from 1989 to 1991 at the University of Saskatchewan,Canada.He has been a professor at the Institute of Chemistry,CAS,since 1993.He is an Academician of CAS and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry,a titular member of the Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division,IUPAC,and was the Chairman of the IUPAC Subcommittee on Green Chemistry from 2008 to 2012.He works in the interdisciplinary area of Physical Chemistry and Green Chemistry.His research interests include properties of green solvent systems and applications of green solvents in chemical reactions and materials science,E-mail:hanbx@iccas.ac.cn。
