摘要
【目的】采用相关性分析、聚类分析与主成分分析法对浙北平原地区101份鲜食葡萄果实品质性状进行综合评价,对其代表性品质进行表征,为葡萄果实品质评价和优良种质筛选提供技术指导。【方法】以101份鲜食葡萄种质资源成熟期果实为试材,对纵径、横径、粒质量、可溶性固形物含量、果实硬度、弹力、总酚含量、类黄酮含量、花色苷含量、总糖含量、总酸含量、裂果率、裂果指数等26个果实品质相关指标进行测定和分析,采用相关性分析、聚类分析与主成分分析进行综合评价。【结果】26个品质性状间具有显著差异,且多项指标存在相关性;通过聚类分析可将101份鲜食葡萄种质资源在欧式距离11.5时分为5个类群;主成分分析可将14个性状归为5个主成分,累计贡献率为82.178%,分别反映葡萄的果实含糖量、营养物质含量、抗裂果能力、果肉质地和风味特征。结合不同评价方式,在浙北平原地区,综合评价结果为蜜光、黑珍珠、郑艳无核、金手指、09-42、黑色甜菜、13-653、15-115等葡萄种质综合品质性状较优,新郁、夜美人、里扎马特相对较差。【结论】不同葡萄种质资源间果实品质指标差异较大,对101份鲜食葡萄种质进行品质评价,筛选出可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、总酚含量、类黄酮含量、弹力、凝聚性、咀嚼性、糖酸比、裂果率和裂果指数作为葡萄果实品质评价的核心指标,以及8份综合品质优异的葡萄种质资源,可作为浙江地区鲜食葡萄种质资源评价和品种选育鉴定工作的重要参考指标。
【Objective】There are various trait differences among different grape germplasms.The as-sessment of fruit characteristics plays a vital role in the assessment of grape genetic resources.The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the berry quality traits of the 101 table grapes cultivated in the northern Zhejiang Plain using correlation analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis,in order to characterize their representative qualities,and provide technical guidance for the evaluation of grape fruit quality and the screening of excellent germplasm.【Methods】A total of 101 table grape germplasm resources were used as test materials to investigate and analyze the fruit quality traits.In or-der to explore the fruit quality traits,26 parameters were measured including vetotal organic acidsticity,cohesion,elastic index,chewiness,pericarp puncture strength,total phenols content,flavonoid content,proanthocyanidin,sucrose content,fructose content,glucose content,oxalic acid content,tartaric acid content,malic acid content,citric acid content,total sugar content,total organic acid content,the ratio of total sugar to total organic acid,fruit cracking rate and fruit cracking index.SPSS 27.0 was used to conduct correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis on the above indicators,and to analyze and evaluate the quality of grape fruits through comprehensive scoring ranking.【Re-sults】The 26 quality indicators showed varying degrees of variation,with coefficients of variation rang-ing from 7.03%to 159.48%.Among all indicators,the proanthocyanidin had the largest variation and the elastic index had the smallest.According to the cluster analysis,the 101 grape germplasm resources were divided into 5 categories when the Euclidean distance was 11.5.TheⅠcategory could be divided into 3 groups when the Euclidean distance was 8.5,the majority were derived from hybridization;theⅡcategory could be divided into 4 groups when the Euclidean distance was 8.5,the majority were Eur-asian population.After eliminating the fruit quality indexes with less variation,14 traits of the 101 grape germplasm resources were standardized by the principal component analysis and then reduced in dimension.In the principal component analysis,five principal components were extracted with a total cumulative contribution of 82.178%.The contribution rate of the principal component 1 was 26.008%,mainly representing soluble solids,total sugar content,and cohesion,reflecting the quality of fruit sugar content.The contribution rate of the principal component 2 was 19.293%,mainly representing the total phenols and flavonoids,reflecting the fruit nutrients.The contribution rate of the principal component 3 was 14.750%,mainly representing the single fruit cracking rate,fruit cracking index,and sugar-acid ra-tio,reflecting the resistance to fruit cracking.The contribution rate of the fourth principal component was 13.420%,and the main factors to determine it were the elasticity and cohesion,which reflected the fruit texture.The contribution rate of the principal component 5 was 8.707%,and the main factors to de-termine it were the total acid and sugar-acid ratio,which reflected the fruit flavor.【Conclusion】In this study,26 agronomic traits of the 101 grape germplasm resources were analyzed and the resources could be divided into 5 categories based on the diversity analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis.Through the comprehensive analysis of the fruit quality,soluble solid,elasticity,cohesion,chewiness,total phenols content,flavonoid content,total sugar content,sugar-acid ratio,fruit cracking rate and fruit cracking index elements were selected as the core indicators for the evaluation of fruit quality traits.Miguang,Pearl Noir,Zhengyan Wuhe,Jingshouzhi,09-42,Black Beet,13-653 and 15-115 were selected as high quality resources by the principal component analysis.It would provide a ref-erence for the evaluation of fresh grape germplasm resources and the selection of new variety in Zheji-ang Province.
作者
陈烨锜
庞柳
陈小央
郑婷
向江
魏灵珠
吴江
徐凯
程建徽
CHEN Yeqi;PANG Liu;CHEN Xiaoyang;ZHENG Ting;XIANG Jiang;WEI Lingzhu;WU Jiang;XU Kai;CHENG Jianhui(College of Horticultural Science,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Horti-culture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Station of Seed Management,Hang-zhou 310021,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2377-2388,共12页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
浙江省“十四五”果品新品种选育专项(2021C02066-6)
浙江省现代种业发展项目(2024R05A60D01)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-13)。
关键词
鲜食葡萄
果实品质
相关性分析
聚类分析
主成分分析
综合评价
Table grape
Fruit quality
Correlation analysis
Cluster analysis
Principal component anal-ysis
Comprehensive evaluation
作者简介
陈烨锜,女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事葡萄种质资源评价与利用研究。E-mail:chennyeq@petalmail.com;通信作者:程建徽,E-mail:jianhuicheng@126.com。
