摘要
仿生学是一门通过模仿自然或具有表征自然系统特性的系统科学。将仿生技术应用于航空飞行器的设计,对于大幅提升现有航空器的气动性能、减轻结构重量等问题,提供了一种新的原理和技术支撑,具有广阔的应用前景。本文首先基于飞行器性能提升需求,对仿生技术在航空工程中的应用方向进行分类,梳理并总结了仿生学在飞行器气动形态、气动减阻降噪、仿生结构布局及仿生轻质结构等方面的仿生生物原型、典型特征及仿生功能;然后综述了飞行器气动仿生、飞行器结构仿生等方面的应用进展;最后展望了仿生技术在飞行器上的潜在应用方向,包括仿生增升减阻综合设计、跨尺度多层级仿生轻量化综合设计、仿生结构功能一体化集成设计等,为仿生技术的航空应用提供参考。
Bionics is a systematic science that imitates or characterizes natural systems.The application of bionic technology in aircraft design can provide a new principle and technical support for the improvement of aerodynamic performance,reduction of structural weight,which has a broad application prospect.In this paper,firstly,based on the demand for improving aircraft performance,the application of bionic technology in aviation engineering is classified,and the bionic biological prototypes,typical features,and bionic functions of bionic technology in aerodynamic morphology,aerodynamic drag reduction and noise reduction,bionic structural layout,and bionic lightweight structures of aircraft are summarized.Then application of aero-bionics and structure bionics of aircraft is overviewed.Finally,the potential application direction of bionic technology in aircraft is prospected,including comprehensive design of bionic lift and drag reduction,multi-scale and multi-level bionic lightweight design,integrated design of bionic structure and function,etc.,which provides reference for the application of bionic technology in aeronautical engineering.
作者
高怡宁
冯军
艾俊强
GAO Yining;FENG Jun;AI Junqiang(AVIC The First Aircraft Institute,Xi’an 710089,China)
出处
《航空工程进展》
CSCD
2024年第6期27-38,共12页
Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering
基金
国防科技战略先导计划(19-ZLXD-04-12-05-200-01)。
关键词
仿生学
生物原型
仿生形态
减阻
降噪
轻质结构
航空工程
bionics
bionic prototype
bionic morphology
drag reduction
noise reduction
lightweight structure
aeronautical engineering
作者简介
通信作者:高怡宁(1989-),女,硕士,高级工程师。E-mail:gaoyn@avic.com。
