摘要
目的分析潍坊市儿童家长为乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)阴性儿童强化接种乙肝疫苗的意愿及特征,为后续实施加强免疫提供依据。方法2023年6月抽取潍坊市城区和农村入托时自愿检测发现抗-HBs阴性且符合乙肝疫苗接种条件的198名儿童家长进行问卷调查,分析家长对儿童强化接种乙肝疫苗的意愿及特征。结果198名家长直接同意接种乙肝疫苗103名,占52.02%。有接种意愿的30~40岁组最高,40岁以上组最低(χ^(2)=9.55,P=0.023);城市人群的接种意愿远高于农村(χ^(2)=26.68,P<0.001);在月收入方面,接种意愿最高的是月收入3000~6000元人群(χ^(2)=36.48,P<0.001);对乙肝知识“非常了解”的家长接种意愿最高(χ^(2)=35.89,P<0.001)。进行乙肝防控知识宣教后,不同性别、不同年龄、城市和农村的家长带孩子接种乙肝疫苗的人数均出现提高;其中女性家长、25岁以下家长、城市家长、月收入6000元以上家长和对乙肝知识“一般”的儿童家长接种意愿变化更为明显(χ^(2)值分别为10.00、3.94、11.32、12.70、22.67,P值分别为0.002、0.047、0.001、<0.001、<0.001),但月收入3000元以下和对乙肝知识“非常了解”的儿童家长接种意愿未出现变化。乙肝疫苗如免费提供,有接种意愿的家长从44.44%上升为79.80%(χ^(2)=13.07,P<0.001)。结论潍坊市儿童家长为抗-HBs阴性儿童强化接种乙肝疫苗比较认可;月收入和消费习惯导致接种意愿和接种率存在差异;接种门诊工作人员宣教能改变并提升家长的接种意愿。
Objective To analyze the willingness and characteristics of parents of children in Weifang city to vaccinate their children against hepatitis B with negative hepatitis B surface antibody(anti-HBs),so as to provide evidence for the subsequent implementation of enhanced immunization.Methods In June 2023,198 parents of children,who were found to be anti HBs negative by voluntary testing in urban and rural areas of Weifang city and who met the conditions for hepatitis B vaccination,were selected for a questionnaire survey to analyze their parents'willingness and characteristics to vaccinate children with hepatitis B vaccine.Results Among 198 parents,103 directly agreed to receive hepatitis B vaccine,accounting for 52.02%.The group aged 30-40 with vaccination intention had the highest willingness,while the group aged 40 and above had the lowest willingness(χ^(2)=9.55,P=0.023);the vaccination willingness of urban population was much higher than that of rural population(χ^(2)=26.68,P<0.001).In terms of monthly income,those people with the highest income of 3000-6000 yuan were the ones who wanted to be vaccinated(χ^(2)=36.48,P<0.001),the parents who“knew very well”about hepatitis B had the highest willingness to be vaccinated(χ^(2)=35.89,P<0.001).After receiving education on hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge,the number of parents from different sexes,ages,and urban/rural areas who took their children to vaccinate against hepatitis B increased.Among them,female guardians,parents under the age of 25,urban parents,parents with a monthly income of more than 6000 yuan and parents who had average knowledge of hepatitis B had more significant changes in their vaccination willingness(χ^(2) was 10.00,3.94,11.32,12.70,22.67,respectively;P was 0.002,0.047,0.001,<0.001,<0.001,respectively),but there was no change in their vaccination willingness for parents with a monthly income of less than 3000 yuan and with“very good knowledge”of hepatitis B.If the hepatitis B vaccine were provided free of charge,the number of parents willing to vaccinate would increase significantly from 44.44%to 79.80%(χ^(2)=13.07,P<0.001).Conclusion Parents of children in Weifang city approved the intensive vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine for anti-HBs negative children.Monthly income and consumption habits lead to differences in vaccination willingness and vaccination rate;Education of vaccination clinic staff can change and enhance parents'willingness to vaccinate.
作者
吕旭
张晓
郭红
LV Xu;ZHANG Xiao;GUO Hong(Department of Immunization Programmes,Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 261061,China;Department of Microbiological Examination,Weifang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2024年第9期674-677,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
山东省潍坊市卫健委科研项目(WFWSJK-2022-107)。
关键词
慢性乙型肝炎
疫苗接种
家长
儿童
强化接种
Chronic hepatitis B
Vaccination
Parents
Children
Strengthen vaccination
作者简介
吕旭(1982-),男,硕士研究生,主治医师,研究方向:免疫规划管理。
