摘要
为了探析热泵密集烤房稳温降湿烘烤工艺对上部烟叶物质动态变化的影响,以云烟87上部烟叶为试验材料,对稳温降湿和四步式烘烤工艺下烟叶中的水分、色素、淀粉和还原糖含量的动态变化及其相似性进行比较分析。结果表明:与四步式烘烤工艺相比,在黄片前期稳温降湿烘烤工艺处理烟叶的含水率更高,更有利于叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的降解。稳温降湿烘烤工艺处理烟叶的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量分别较四步式烘烤工艺低7.51%、38.19%、9.53%,但烟叶的淀粉、还原糖含量差异不明显。不同物质在2种烘烤工艺处理下的动态变化相似性表现为水分>叶绿素a>淀粉>叶绿素b>还原糖>类胡萝卜素。烘烤过程中物质动态变化差异可以分为3类,第Ⅰ类包括水分、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、淀粉,2种烘烤工艺的差异主要发生在变黄期;第Ⅱ类为类胡萝卜素,整个烘烤过程,2种烘烤工艺均存在较大差异;第Ⅲ类为还原糖,2种烘烤工艺的差异主要表现在定色期和干筋期。综合分析,采用稳温降湿烘烤工艺有利于上部烟叶色素的降解。
In order to study the dynamic changes of substance in upper tobacco leaves during the curing process of steady temperature and humidity drop in heat pump intensive curing barn,the upper leaves of Yunyan 87 were used as experimental materials to study the dynamic changes and similarities of moisture,pigments,starch,and reducing sugar content during the steady temperature and humidity drop curing process and the four step curing processes in the heat pump intensive curing.The results showed that compared with the four step curing process,the steady temperature and humidity drop curing process had a higher moisture content in the early period of yellowing,which was more conducive to the degradation of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoids.The content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid by steady temperature and humidity drop curing process were 7.51%,38.19%and 9.53%lower than those of four-step baking,respectively.There was no significant difference in starch and reducing sugar content between the two curing processes.The similarity of different substances in the two curing processes was ranked as follows:moisture>chlorophyll a>starch>chlorophyll b>reducing sugar>carotenoid.The dynamic changes of substances in the curing process can be divided into three categories.The first type includes moisture,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and starch,and the differences between the two curing processes mainly occur in the yellowing period.The second type is carotenoid,the whole curing process of two kinds of curing process have great differences.The third type is reducing sugar,and the difference between the two curing processes mainly occurs in the color-fixing period and the stem-drying period.The steady temperature and humidity drop curing process was beneficial to degradation of pigment in upper tobacco leaves.
作者
刘化冰
吴灵通
胡庆辉
郝贤伟
田雨农
钟永健
李思军
周海宽
邓小华
LIU Huabing;WU Lingtong;HU Qinghui;HAO Xianwei;TIAN Yunong;ZHONG Yongjian;LI Sijun;ZHOU Haikuan;DENG Xiaohua(China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China;Guiyang County Branch of Chenzhou Tobacco Company,Guiyang,Hunan 424400,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)
出处
《作物研究》
2024年第5期393-398,425,共7页
Crop Research
基金
浙江中烟工业有限责任公司重点科技项目(ZJZY2023B001)。
关键词
烤烟
上部烟叶
烘烤工艺
化学成分
动态变化
flue-cured tobacco
upper leaves
curing technology
chemical composition
dynamic change
作者简介
刘化冰(1984-),硕士,助理工程师,主要从事烤烟原料研究,Email:wojiaoliuhuabing@163.com;通信作者:钟永健,烟叶评级高级技师,研究方向为烟叶质量评价,Email:362155813@qq.com;通信作者:邓小华,教授,研究方向为烟草科学与工程技术,Email:yzdxh@163.com。
