摘要
近年来,随着五运六气学说研究的不断深入,审平汤、升明汤中紫檀的应用逐渐广泛,因紫檀属于进口药物,在现代入药不多,属于冷背药。因其基原不清,可能会对临床用药产生一定影响。该文考证以历代本草典籍为主,结合檀香,豆科类红木引种栽培,明清家具历史等多方面进行分析。从名称、产地、基原以及功效多方面进行系统考证,对现行所能查证的基原进行分析和梳理,结果表明紫檀具有非常悠久的应用历史。本草记载其产地主要分布在东南亚国家,性味咸寒,入血分,主恶毒、风毒,亦主金创,止血。明代随着硬木家具的兴起,各类豆科紫檀属红木随进口贸易进入中国,尤其是檀香紫檀、印度紫檀等因色紫,后又引进各种植物命名为紫檀,因此对中药紫檀的基原造成了混淆,从而在清代后豆科植物各类紫檀逐渐当做药用的紫檀。该文考证确定了中药紫檀为檀香中颜色偏紫者,并不是檀香紫檀、印度紫檀等豆科紫檀属植物,为进一步确定紫檀来源缩小了考证范围,为临床用药提供了支持。
In recent years,with the continuous deepening of the theory of Wu Yun Liu Qi,the application of Zitan in Shenping Decoction and Shengming Decoction has gradually become widespread.Because Zitan is an imported herbal medicine,it is not commonly used in modern medicine and known as an unusual medicinal material.The unclear original plants may affect the clinical application of this medicine.This study reviewed the ancient Chinese books of materia medica and analyzed the records about Zitan in various aspects with consideration to the introduction and cultivation of Santalum album and leguminous rosewood and the history of furniture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Comprehensive textual research was carried out regarding the nomenclature,producing area,original plant,and efficacy.The results indicated that Zitan had a long history of application.The ancient Chinese books of materia medica recorded that Zitan was mainly distributed in Southeast Asian countries,with a salty taste and a cold nature,entering the blood.It was primarily used to treat toxin-and wind-related conditions and wounds and stop bleeding.With the rise of hardwood furniture in the Ming Dynasty,various leguminous rosewood species were imported into China.Because of the purple color,Pterocarpus santalinus and P.indicus were mistakenly named Zitan,leading to confused original plants of this medicine.Consequently,after the Qing Dynasty,these leguminous rosewood plants started to be used medicinally.This textual research confirms that the Zitan used as a traditional Chinese medicine refers to a purple variant of S.album rather than P.santalinus or P.indicus.This clarification narrows the scope of identification and supports the clinical application of Zitan.
作者
穆芳园
李坤玉
田佳鑫
张静
马海光
张晋
高峰
李婧
MU Fang-yuan;LI Kun-yu;TIAN Jia-xin;ZHANG Jing;MA Hai-guang;ZHANG Jin;GAO Feng;LI Jing(Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100091,China;Hebei Baicaokangshen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Hengshui 053800,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第20期5652-5658,共7页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03704)。
关键词
紫檀
檀香
檀香紫檀
印度紫檀
本草考证
Zitan
Santalum album
Pterocarpus santalinus
Pterocarpus indicus
textual research on materia medica
作者简介
穆芳园,主管药师,研究方向为中药临床药学,E-mail:1321888728@qq.com;通信作者:高峰,副主任药师,研究方向为中药资源与本草考证,Tel:(010)62835083,E-mail:gf_80@163.com;通信作者:李婧,副主任医师,研究方向为中西医结合心血管病,Tel:(010)62835043,E-mail:714413876@qq.com。
