摘要
国家认同是统一的多民族国家建设的基石。已有研究主要探讨了农耕乡土社会和边疆游牧社会的认同建构,而对海洋渔业社会的国家认同建构关注不足。本文基于产权与国家认同建构的关系视角,提出产权重塑路径并构建“观念培植-符号嵌入-机制维系”分析框架,以福建省福安市宁海村的“划海定渔”政策实践为例,动态呈现国家如何经由产权重塑实现渔民群体国家认同建构。本文研究发现:第一,产权重塑路径受国家与社会双向塑造。产权重塑是国家经略海洋战略与渔民用海需求的耦合,促成渔民享受权益、国家获得认同。第二,产权重塑过程即国家认同建构过程。制度性产权建设涵盖观念培植、符号嵌入、机制维系实践环节,重叠认同建构遵循的认知形成、行为服从、情感反馈流变过程,引致渔民形成价值认同、权力认同和利益认同,最终凝聚并支撑国家认同。第三,产权重塑路径的有效性取决于时空适配性。产权重塑路径遵循具体历史情境逻辑,统筹平衡传统与现实、边缘与核心、国家与社会多重要素关系,既贴合渔村历史底色和社会基础,又为国家海域空间治理提供抓手,从而推进实现国家权力纵向到底、认同建构横向到边的整合效果。
National identity is the cormerstone of the construction of a unified multi-ethnic country.Existing studies have mainly discussed the identity construction of farming rural society and frontier nomadic society,but paid little attention to the construction of national identity of farming,herding,fishing,and fishery marine society.Based on the perspective of the relationship between property rights process and the construction of national identity,this paper proposes the path of property rights reconstruction and constructs an analytical framework of"value cultivation symbol embedding-mechanism maintenance".Taking the practice of"demarcated sea and fishing'policy in Ninghai Village,Fuan,Fujian Province,as an example,this paper dynamically presents how the country realizes the construction of national identity of fishermen groups through the reconstruction of maritime property rights system.The paper finds that,first,the path to reshape property rights is shaped by both the state and society,which is a two-way coupling of national strategic planning and fishermen's sea needs,so as to realize the benefits of fishermen and the recognition of the country.Second,the process of reshaping property rights is the process of constructing national identity.The construction of institutional property rights includes concept cultivation,symbol embedding,and mechanism maintenance practice,which overlap the cognitive formation,behavioral obedience,and emotional feedback process followed by identity construction.It results in the formation of value identity,power identity,and interest identity of fishermen who ultimately unite and support national identity.Third,the validity of the property rights reshaping path depends on the spatiotemporal compatibility.This path follows the logic of specific historical situations,coordinates and balances the relationship between multiple elements of tradition and reality,the edge and the core,and the state and society.It not only fits the historical background and social foundation of fishing villages,but also provides a starting point for the spatial governance of national maritime areas,so as to achieve that state power is vertical to the bottom and identity construction is horizontal to the edge.
出处
《中国农村观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期138-159,共22页
China Rural Survey
关键词
产权重塑
渔民群体
国家认同
路径
逻辑
Property Rights Reshaping
Fishermen Groups
National Identity
Path
Logic
