摘要
【目的】探明不同遮荫方式对雪茄茄衣鲜烟叶生长和光合生理特性的影响。【方法】对遮阳网颜色(绿色、黑色、白色)、遮光率(40%、60%、80%)和遮荫时间(移栽后20、25、30 d)进行正交L_(9)(3^(4))设计,测定遮荫后烟株的农艺性状、叶绿素含量、荧光参数和光合生理指标,分析与光合相关基因的表达情况,并对测定的指标进行显著性分析和极差分析。【结果】(1)遮阳网颜色是影响农艺性状的主要因素,而影响光合生理的因素排序为遮光率>遮阳网颜色>遮荫时间。(2)遮荫后白色遮阳网促进了茄衣烟叶生长;总叶绿素含量随遮光率的增加而增加;实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、叶绿素潜在活性(F_(v)/F_(o))、光化学淬灭系数(qP)和最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))在高遮光率下显著提升,但非光化学淬灭系数(qN)显著下降;净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))均下降,在80%遮光率下达到最小,而胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))在80%遮光率下显著增加;编码光系统Ⅱ中捕光复合物叶绿素a/b结合蛋白4.2的基因(Lhcb4.2)和编码光系统Ⅱ中反应中心蛋白CP47的基因(psbB)表达量在80%遮光率下显著增加,编码光系统Ⅱ中捕光复合物叶绿素a/b结合蛋白6的基因(Lhcb6)在60%遮光率下显著增加,编码光系统Ⅱ中D2蛋白的基因(psbD)在80%遮光率下表达量比不遮荫处理低,而1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化/加氧酶小亚基基因(rbcS)和编码光系统Ⅱ中D1蛋白的基因(psbA)无明显变化。【结论】遮荫处理改变了光质和光强,影响了编码光合作用有关蛋白的基因表达,从而影响烟叶的光合作用,遮荫后不同程度地加快了叶绿素的积累和光合作用效率,且在80%遮光率处理下影响最大。
【Objective】The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different shading methods on the growth and photosynthetic physio⁃logical characteristics of fresh cigar wrapper leaves.【Method】The experiment conducted an orthogonal L_(9)(3^(4))design on the color(green,black,white),shading rate(40%,60%,80%),and shading time(20,25,30 days after transplantation)of the shading net,measured the ag⁃ronomic traits,chlorophyll content,fluorescence parameters,and photosynthetic physiological indicators of shaded tobacco plants,analyzed the expression of genes related to photosynthesis,and performed significance and range analysis on the measured indicators.【Result】(i)Shading net color was the main factor affecting agronomic traits,and the ranking of factors affecting photosynthetic indicators was shading rate>shad⁃ing net color>shading time.(ii)After shading,the white shading net promoted the growth of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves;The total chloro⁃phyll content of fresh tobacco leaves increased with the increase of shading rate;The actual photosynthetic efficiency(ΦPSⅡ),chlorophyll potential activity(F_(v)/F_(o)),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP),and maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))significantly in⁃creased under high shading,but the non⁃photochemical quenching coefficient(qN)significantly decreased;The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),and transpiration rate(T_(r))all decreased,reaching their minimum at 80%shading,while the intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i))significantly increased at 80%shading;The expression levels of the gene encoding the light harvesting complex chlorophyll a/b binding protein 4.2(Lhcb4.2)and the gene encoding the reaction center protein CP47(psbB)in Light System II significantly increased under 80%shading.The gene encoding the light harvesting complex chlorophyll a/b binding protein 6(Lhcb6)in Light System II signifi⁃cantly increased under 60%shading.The gene encoding the D2 protein in Light System II(psbD)was expressed lower under 80%shading than under non⁃shading,However,there were no significant changes in ribulose⁃1,5⁃bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit gene(rbcS)and the gene encoding D1 protein in photosystem II(psbA).【Conclusion】The shading treatment alters light quality and intensity,af⁃fecting the expression of genes encoding proteins related to photosynthesis,thereby affecting the photosynthesis of tobacco leaves.After shad⁃ing,the accumulation of chlorophyll and the efficiency of photosynthesis are accelerated to varying degrees,and the effect is the greatest under 80%shading rate treatment.
作者
杜欣莲
刘晓丽
郭仕平
杨兴有
雷云康
杨浩
刘雷
刘雅洁
向欢
曾淑华
DU Xin-lian;LIU Xiao-li;GUO Shi-ping;YANG Xing-you;LEI Yun-kang;YANG Hao;LIU Lei;LIU Ya-jie;XIANG Huan;ZENG Shu-hua(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Branch of China National Tobacco Corpora-tion,Chengdu 611130,China;Deyang Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Deyang,Sichuan 618400,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1722-1730,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
四川省烟草公司科技项目(SCYC202121)。
关键词
茄衣烟叶
遮阳网颜色
遮光率
遮荫时间
光合指标
Cigar wrapper tobacco leaves
Color of the shading net
Shading rate
Shading time
Photosynthetic index
作者简介
第一作者:杜欣莲(2000-),女,在读硕士,研究方向为烟草栽培。E⁃mail:1814380026@qq.com;通信作者:向欢(1993-),男,硕士,助理农艺师,主要从事雪茄烟叶栽培、晾制技术与推广应用研究。E⁃mail:418128049@qq.com;通信作者:曾淑华(1977-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事烟草栽培研究。E⁃mail:zshgsp@163.com。
