摘要
传统以环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷为原料的聚醚类破乳剂需要危险复杂的生产过程,而且破乳性能仍然难以满足实际生产的要求。利用废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)塑料为主要原料,合成了一种用于油包水(W/O)原油乳液脱水的离子液体破乳剂BADT-IL,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱仪(^(1)H-NMR)分析了BADT-IL的化学结构,考察了BADT-IL浓度、沉降时间、破乳温度、盐度和pH值对原油乳液破乳效率的影响,并通过测试界面张力(IFT)、Zeta电位、三相接触角(CA)、聚结时间和显微观察等多种手段对BADT-IL在原油乳液中的破乳机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明,在含水率为70%的原油乳液中加入250 mg/L的BADT-IL,60℃条件下静置180 min后破乳效率高达95.23%;同样的条件下,对含水率为30%的原油乳液的破乳效率达到99.22%,且分离后水相清澈、油水界面整齐。BADT-IL具有良好的耐盐性,而且增大盐度能提升破乳效率,在50 g/L的条件下,含水率为70%的原油乳液的破乳效率为96.33%。随着破乳温度的升高,破乳速率显著加快,且破乳效率也随之提高。此外,与常用的商业破乳剂对比,BADT-IL表现出优异的破乳性能。BADT-IL在破乳过程中能够有效降低油水界面的IFT,并取代界面处的乳化剂,形成不稳定的复合界面膜从而促进水滴的聚结,最终实现有效的油水分离。
The production process of traditional polyether demulsifiers using ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as raw materials is dangerous and complicated,and the demulsification performance is still difficult to satisfy the requirements of actual production.In this paper,an ionic liquid demulsifier BADT-IL for the dehydration of W/O emulsion was synthesized using waste PET plastic as raw material.The chemical structure of BADT-IL was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy(^(1)H-NMR),and the effects of BADT-IL concentration,sedimentation time,demulsification temperature,salinity and pH value on the demulsification efficiency of crude oil emulsion were investigated in detail.The demulsification mechanism of BADT-IL in crude oil emulsions was investigated through various methods including the measurements of the interfacial tension(IFT),zeta potential,contact angle(CA),coalescence time,and microscopic observation.The study revealed that the addition of 250 mg/L of BADT-IL to crude oil emulsions containing 70%water content resulted in a demulsification efficiency of 95.23%after static settling at the temperature of 60℃for 180 minutes.Under similar conditions,demulsification efficiency reached 99.22%in crude oil emulsions with 30%water content,producing a clear separated water phase with a clean oil-water interface.BADT-IL demonstrated strong resistance to salt,with the increase of salinity,the demulsification efficiency improved.At a salinity of 50 g/L,the demulsification efficiency of crude oil emulsions with 70%water content reached up to 96.33%.As the demulsification temperature rose,both the demulsification rate and efficiency increased significantly.Compared to typical commercial demulsifiers,BADT-IL exhibited exceptional demulsification performance.BADT-IL could effectively reduce IFT at the oil-water interface during demulsification,replace the emulsifier at the interface,form an unstable composite interfacial film,facilitate droplet coalescence,and consequently ensures efficient oil-water separation.
作者
汤雨琦
李欢
李苏曼
胡志杰
颜学敏
余维初
米远祝
TANG Yuqi;LI Huan;LI Suman;HU Zhijie;YAN Xuemin;YU Weichu;MI Yuanzhu(School of Chemistry&Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434023,P R of China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Changqing Oil Field Company,PetroChina,National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-permeability Oil&Gas Fields,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710001,P R of China)
出处
《油田化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期522-530,共9页
Oilfield Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金“基于秸杆的破乳剂表面性质调控及油水界面膜脱稳机制研究”(项目编号52474027)
低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室开放基金“页岩油乳化层稳定性影响因素与破乳脱水机理研究”(项目编号KFKT2023-08)。
关键词
PET塑料
离子液体
W/O型乳液
破乳机理
油水分离
PET plastics
ionic liquid
W/O emulsion
demulsification mechanism
oil-water separation
作者简介
汤雨琦(2000-),女,长江大学材料与化学专业在读硕士研究生(2022-),从事油水分离化学药剂方面的研究,E-mail:2022720420@yangtzeu.edu.cn。;通讯联系人:米远祝(1972-),男,教授,长江大学油气田开发工程专业博士(2016),从事油水分离及油田危废处理技术方面的研究,通讯地址:434023湖北省荆州市长江大学化学与环境工程学院,电话:0716-8060650,E-mail:michem@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
