摘要
为探究生物炭和腐植酸对唐菖蒲(Gladiolus hybridus)生长及根际土壤环境的影响,以唐菖蒲为试验材料,采用设施大棚栽培方式,设置8个处理:对照处理(CK:不加任何生物炭和腐植酸);单施腐植酸处理(T1:0.2 kg·m^(-2));单施生物炭处理(T2:1.5 kg·m^(-2));2种生物材料配施处理(T3:0.5 kg·m^(-2)生物炭+0.2 kg·m^(-2)腐植酸;T4:1.0 kg·m^(-2)生物炭+0.2 kg·m^(-2)腐植酸;T5:1.5 kg·m^(-2)生物炭+0.2 kg·m^(-2)腐植酸;T6:2.0 kg·m^(-2)生物炭+0.2 kg·m^(-2)腐植酸;T7:3.0 kg·m^(-2)生物炭+0.2 kg·m^(-2)腐植酸),测定不同处理下的植株生长和土壤指标。结果表明,生物炭添加腐植酸处理整体增加了唐菖蒲的生物量,与CK相比,单施生物炭处理(T2)与组合配施处理(T4、T5、T6、T7)在定植60和90 d时的唐菖蒲鲜重和干重有所增加。此外,通过检测唐菖蒲叶片中叶绿素含量的相对值发现,随着生物炭施用量的增加,叶绿素相对值(SPAD)也相对增加。而在定植60 d时,通过根系扫描系统(WinRHIZO)分析根系长度、表面积、体积等指标发现,各处理均在一定程度上促进了唐菖蒲根系生长,其中T2、T3、T4、T5、T6、T7各指标均显著高于CK。从土壤理化性状变化看,各处理的有机质含量整体较CK显著提高。与CK相比,除T1处理唐菖蒲根际土壤的pH值降低外,其余处理pH值均有所提高,以T2、T6、T7处理增幅较大,分别增加了0.88、0.87和1.07个单位。同时,与CK相比,T2、T5、T6、T7处理的土壤紧实度分别显著降低15.56%、20.95%、19.45%和24.97%。综上,生物炭和腐植酸在培肥土壤和促进植物生长方面具有潜在的应用价值,在本试验条件下,T5和T6处理的生物炭和腐植酸配施对唐菖蒲生长具有较好的促进作用。本研究为唐菖蒲高效栽培提供了技术参考。
To study the effects of biochar and humic acid on the growth and the rhizosphere soil environment of Gladiolus hybridus,greenhouse experiments were conducted,using Gladiolus hybridus as the experimental subject.Eight treatments were established:control(CK:without biochar and humic acid),humic acid(T1:0.2 kg·m^(-2)),biochar(T2:1.5 kg·m^(-2));2 combined bio-materials(T3:0.5 kg·m^(-2)biochar+0.2 kg·m^(-2)humic acid,T4:1.0 kg·m^(-2)biochar+0.2 kg·m^(-2)humic acid,T5:1.5 kg·m^(-2)biochar+0.2 kg·m^(-2)humic acid,T6:2.0 kg·m^(-2)biochar+0.2 kg·m^(-2)humic acid,T7:3.0 kg·m^(-2)biochar+0.2 kg·m^(-2)humic acid).The plant growth and soil indexes under different treatments were determined.The results indicated that all the humic acid combined biochar treatments enhanced the biomass of Gladiolus hybridus.Compared to CK,T2,T4,T5,T6 and T7 increased the fresh and dry weight of Gladiolus hybridus at the 60 and 90 days after planting Gladiolus hybridus.Furthermore,the chlorophyll relative value(SPAD)in the leaves of Gladiolus hybridus was increased as the increasing of biochar application.Root length,surface area,and volume were assessed using a root scanning system(WinRHIZO)at the 60 d,compared to CK,all treatments promoted the root growth of Gladiolus hybridus to a certain extent,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,and T7 had significant increased.Compared to CK,soil organic matter content in each treatment significantly was increased;soil pH was increased except for that of T1,while the T2,T6 and T7 had increased by a large margin,increasing by 0.88,0.87,and 1.07 units,respectively.Additionally,compared to CK,soil compaction significantly decreased with increasing biochar application in the T2,T5,T6,and T7,decreasing by 15.56%,20.95%,19.45%,and 24.97%,respectively.In conclusion,biochar and humic acid have the potential value in soil fertilization and plant growth promotion.Under the conditions of this experiment,an appropriate combination of biochar and humic acid(T5 and T6)positively influenced the growth of Gladiolus hybridus.This study provides a scientific and theoretical basis for the efficient cultivation of Gladiolus hybridus.
作者
张福建
姚文武
ZHANG Fujian;YAO Wenwu(Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Chongming District,Shanghai 202150)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期2211-2218,共8页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
上海市崇明区农业科创项目(2022CNKC-02-05)
上海市崇明区“可持续发展科技行动计划”项目(CK2022-09)
上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字(2020)第1-1号)。
关键词
生物炭
腐植酸
唐菖蒲
土壤
biochar
humic acid
Gladiolus hybridus
soil
作者简介
张福建,男,农艺师,主要从事园艺植物生态栽培与环境调控研究。E-mail:zhangfujianjxau@163.com;通讯作者:姚文武,男,农艺师,主要从事园林园艺“四新”技术推广研究。E-mail:yixinflower2009@163.com。
