摘要
为了给甘薯栽培中化肥减量增效提供技术支撑,达到甘薯栽培的高产高效,以辽薯28为供试材料进行大田试验,先在叶面喷施0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%木醋液,与叶面不喷施木醋液的对照组进行比较,找出最适木醋液浓度。在最适木醋液条件下,设置4个氮肥施用浓度(0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%),每株5 mL,以叶面单独喷施氮肥为对照,调查田间甘薯生长发育情况及产量指标,分析氮肥与木醋液协同作用对甘薯生长发育的影响。结果表明,单一施肥时,氮肥处理最佳浓度为1.5%,木醋液处理最佳浓度为0.3%,且单一施加0.3%木醋液时,甘薯单株茎叶鲜质量、单株结薯数、鲜薯产量均高于CK,分别显著提高27.89%、41.17%、37.11%。当叶面喷施0.3%木醋液加1.5%氮肥(每株5 mL)时,田间甘薯生长发育情况及产量显著高于对照。其中,蔓长、茎粗、单株茎叶鲜质量分别比CK显著提高22.98%、25.66%、45.26%;鲜薯产量、干薯产量分别比CK显著提高41.05%、26.38%。综上,在甘薯定植后,每隔21 d叶面喷施0.3%木醋液加1.5%氮肥(每株5 mL),共5次可达到较佳的施肥效果。
In order to provide technical support for the reduction and efficiency increase of chemical fertilizers in sweet potato cultivation and achieve high yield and high efficiency of sweet potato,in this study,field experiments were carried out with Liaoshu 28 sweet potato as the test material.The foliar spray of 0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,and 0.4%of wood vinegar was first applied to the foliar surface and compared with the control group without foliar wood vinegar to find out the optimal wood vinegar concentration.Under the optimal wood vinegar conditions,four nitrogen fertilizer application concentrations(0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,and 2.0%)at 5 ml per plant were set up,and the foliar nitrogen fertilizer spraying alone was used as the control(CK)to investigate the growth and development,and the yield indexes of sweet potato in the field,and the influence of the synergistic effect of nitrogen fertilizer and wood vinegar on the growth and development of sweet potato were analyzed.The results showed that the optimal concentration of nitrogen fertilizer treatment was 1.5%and the optimal concentration of wood vinegar treatment was 0.3%under single fertilization.When single application of 0.3%of wood vinegar was applied,the fresh weight of stems and leaves,the number of potatoes per plant and the yield of fresh potatoes were higher than those of CK,and were significantly increased by 27.89%,41.17%and 37.11%respectively compared with CK.When foliar spray of 0.3%of wood vinegar and 1.5%of nitrogen fertilizer at 5 ml per plant,the growth,development,and yield of sweet potato in the field were significantly higher than those of the control.Among them,the vine length,stem diameter and fresh weight of stems and leaves per plant were significantly increased by 22.98%,25.6%,and 45.26%compared with CK,respectively.The yield of fresh potato and dry potato was significantly increased by 41.05%and 26.38%respectively compared with CK.In summary,after sweet potato planting,foliar spraying of 0.3%of wood vinegar and 1.5%of nitrogen fertilizer every 21 days for a total of 5 times could achieve a better fertilization effect.
作者
陈伟
王巍凝
CHEN Wei;WANG Weining(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2024年第5期98-106,共9页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
关键词
氮肥
甘薯
木醋液
生长发育
产量
nitrogen fertilizer
sweet potato
wood vinegar solution
growth and development
yield
作者简介
陈伟(1999-),女,山西保德人,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事植物保护研究工作。
