摘要
针对临近空间高速飞行器的降热减阻需求,采用三维数值模拟手段研究了临近空间典型升力体飞行器气动力/热特性,分析了壁面气体质量引射对气动力/热特性的影响规律和作用机理。结果表明:壁面质量引射会略微增大激波脱体距离,对激波层和速度边界层有增厚作用,降低了边界层内的速度梯度,使得表面剪切力减小,从而具有较好的减阻效果。对于典型的升力体构型,在高度为60~70 km时,壁面质量引射减阻效率均不低于47.5%;在高度为80 km时,壁面质量引射减阻效率不低于10.2%;且壁面质量引射减阻效果随攻角增大而增强,随飞行高度升高而减弱。同时,壁面引射排出的低温气体对飞行器具有隔热保护作用,因此壁面质量引射能显著降低迎风面的热流,具有较好的降热效果。
In order to meet the thermal and drag reduction requirements of high speed vehicles in near space,three-dimensional numerical simulation method was used to study the typical lift-body vehicle in near space.The aerodynamic thermal characteristics of the vehicle were analyzed,and the law and mechanism of mass ejection on the aerodynamic thermal characteristics were analyzed.The results demonstrate that wall mass ejection can slightly increase the detachment distance of the shock wave,thicken the shock wave layer and velocity boundary layer,and reduce the velocity gradient within the boundary layer,resulting in satisfactory drag reduction performance.For a typical lifting body configuration,wall mass ejection can reduce skin friction by more than 47.5%at flight altitudes ranging from 60 km to 70 km,while 10.2%at 80 km altitude.The drag reduction effect of wall mass ejection is enhanced with the increase of the attack angle,while weaken with the increment of flight altitude.Wall mass ejection not only thickens the temperature boundary layer but also provides thermal protection by ejecting low-temperature gas,which can significantly reduce the skin heat flux on the windward side.
作者
李俊红
陈智
靳旭红
苗文博
LI Junhong;CHEN Zhi;JIN Xuhong;MIAO Wenbo(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China;Laboratory of Aero-thermal Protection Technology for Aerospace Vehicles,China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation,Beijing 100048,China)
出处
《空气动力学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1-9,I0001,共10页
Acta Aerodynamica Sinica
关键词
壁面质量引射
临近空间
升力体飞行器
降热减阻
气动力热
wall mass ejection
near space
lifting vehicle
heat and drag reduction
aerodynamic force and heating
作者简介
李俊红(1978-),女,河南卫辉人,研究员,研究方向:高温非平衡流动和稀薄流动数值模拟.E-mail:ljhong08@163.com;通信作者:靳旭红,高级工程师,研究方向:稀薄流数值模拟.E-mail:jinxuhong08@163.com。
