摘要
在石油钻井领域,泥浆泵的可靠性对于保障连续作业至关重要。轴承故障是泥浆泵常见的机械故障之一,其早期检测和诊断是保持设备稳定运行的关键。传统的机械故障检测方法往往涉及复杂的数据处理,不利于快速诊断。提出了一种基于振动信号分析的泥浆泵轴承快速初筛方法,专注于轴承信号的中高频段幅值分析。正常情况下,轴承信号在高频段的幅值较小;当轴承发生故障时,中高频段会出现显著的幅值增加。通过频谱不同区间段的RMS、能量谱、频谱峰值比等指标与正常轴承状态下的对比,发现能量谱是快速诊断故障的最好指标。通过这一特性,可以迅速识别出泥浆泵的潜在问题区域。虽然其不能精确定位故障的具体位置(如轴承的外圈或内圈),但它的快速响应和高效性使其成为检测泥浆泵各部分潜在问题的理想工具,特别适用于快速故障排查场景。
In the field of oil drilling,the reliability of mud pumps is essential to ensure continuous operation.Bearing fault is one of the common mechanical faults of mud pump.Its early detection and diagnosis is the key to keep the equipment running stably.Traditional mechanical fault detection methods often involve complex data processing,which is not conducive to rapid diagnosis.In this paper,a rapid preliminary screening method of mud pump bearing based on vibration signal analysis is proposed,focusing on the amplitude analysis of bearing signal in middle and high frequency band.Under normal circumstances,the amplitude of bearing signal in high frequency band is small;When the bearing fails,there will be a significant increase in amplitude in the middle and high frequency bands.Through the comparison of RMS,energy spectrum and peak ratio of spectrum in different frequency range with normal bearing state,itis found that energy spectrum is the best index for rapid fault diagnosis.With this feature,potential problem areas for mud pumps can be quickly identified.Although this method cannot precisely locate the specific location of the fault(such as the outer or inner ring of the bearing),its fast response and high efficiency make it an ideal tool for detecting potential problems in various parts of the mud pump,especially for rapid troubleshooting scenarios.
作者
王志辉
沈心瑞
冯春飞
卢山
刘政
段瑞彬
赵跃旺
WANG Zhihui;SHEN Xinrui;FENG Chunfei;LU Shan;LIU Zheng;DUAN Ruibin;ZHAO Yuewang(Drilling Branch,Petrochina Offshore Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300000,China;Petrochina Engineering Technology Research Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300000,China)
出处
《石油工业技术监督》
2024年第9期37-44,共8页
Technology Supervision in Petroleum Industry
关键词
泥浆泵
机械诊断
故障诊断
振动检测
轴承检测
mud pump
mechanical diagnosis
fault diagnosis
vibration detection
bearing inspection
作者简介
王志辉(1983-),男,工程师,现主要从事海洋钻井装备管理相关工作。E-mail:1141256772@qq.com。
