摘要
由于极端降雨和高强度人类工程活动的影响,黄土塬区沟头前进速度加剧,严重威胁黄土塬区经济社会发展。近年来实施的大规模固沟保塬工程虽然有效抑制了黄土塬区溯源侵蚀的发展,但是仍然存在严重的水土侵蚀病害问题。基于这一现状,以陇东黄土高原董志塬地区典型固沟保塬工程为研究对象,通过野外实地考察、查阅文献和综合分析等研究方法,对董志塬地区典型固沟保塬工程水土侵蚀病害进行调查分析。结果表明:固沟保塬工程水文调控功能可分为塬面拦蓄区、沟头填方截排区、沟坡削方截排消能区和沟道拦蓄区;固沟保塬工程目前遭受表水侵蚀病害、黄土工程地质界面潜蚀病害、截排水渠淤积堵塞病害及黄土沟谷灾害链等4大类病害;固沟保塬工程水文调控机制不明和水土互馈侵蚀灾变机理不清是当前面临的关键科学挑战;未来固沟保塬工程水土侵蚀病害的防治应重视生物土壤结皮、新型土壤改良材料的研发应用以及固沟保塬工程全过程质量监督。研究成果可为未来固沟保塬工程水土侵蚀灾变机理研究和工程规划设计提供借鉴。
Due to the influence of extreme rainfall and high intensity human engineering activities,the advance speed of the gully head in the Loess Tableland is intensified,which seriously threatens the economic and social development of the Loess Tableland.In recent years,although large-scale Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection(GCHP)projects have effectively inhibited the development of traceable erosion on Loess tableland,there are still serious problems of soil and water erosion.Based on this situation,this study investigated and analyzed the soil erosion diseases of the typical GCHP Projects through field investigation,literature review,and comprehensive analysis.The results show that the hydrology regulation function of GCHP Projects can be divided into the table-land intercept area,gully head cut row area,gully slope cutting line of energy dissipation,and channel held area.Currently,the GCHP suffers from surface water erosion,subsurface erosion of loess engineering geological interface,blockage of drainage channels,and disaster chain of loess gully.The unclear hydrological control mechanism and the mechanism of soil and water mutual feeding erosion disasters are the key scientific challenges of the project.In the future,attention should be paid to the application of biological soil crust,new soil improvement materials,and the complete quality supervision of gully protection tableland engineering.This study can provide basic information for future research on the mechanism of soil and water erosion disasters and engineering planning and design of the Gugou Plateau.
作者
张卜平
朱兴华
程茜
肖永玖
王梦奎
冯笑瑞
ZHANG Buping;ZHU Xinghua;CHENG Xi;XIAO Yongjiu;WANG Mengkui;FENG Xiaorui(School of Geological Engineering and Surveying,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期182-194,共13页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(442090053,42041006,41877249)。
关键词
固沟保塬
黄土工程地质界面
表水侵蚀
内部侵蚀
灾害链
Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection
loess engineering geological interface
surface water erosion
internal erosion
disaster chains
作者简介
第一作者:张卜平(1993-),男,博士研究生,主要从事黄土工程地质界面潜蚀灾变机理方面科研工作。E-mail:zhangbuping@chd.edu.cn;通讯作者:朱兴华(1984-),男,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事地质灾害防治方面的科研与教学工作。E-mail:zhuxinghua@chd.edu.cn。
