摘要
煤矿采空区是煤炭资源开采遗留的最常见也是影响和危害最大的问题之一,一旦采空区发生塌陷,将有可能导致崩塌地质灾害,进而带来更大的危害。而要想有效预防煤矿采空区塌陷诱发崩塌地质灾害的发生,往往需要以掌握煤矿采空区塌陷诱发崩塌地质灾害形成机理为前提,同时这是做好崩塌地质灾害预警的基础,必须引起相关人员的高度重视。基于此,结合大平煤矿采空区的崩塌体实例,先阐述其形成条件和主要影响因素,包括地形地貌、地层岩性、岩体结构、强降雨、人类活动,同时采用FLAC数值模拟的方法从应力场特征、位移场特征、塑性区特征3个维度分析崩塌形成机理,明确采空区塌陷诱发崩塌地质灾害的规律,如崩塌地质灾害的产生以地下开采为直接诱因,以人为因素、自然降水、区域地下水影响为其他因素等,最后提出崩塌地质灾害监测方法,并根据监测分析结果得出预警建议,旨在为相关人员提供参考,将煤矿采空区山体诱发崩塌地质灾害发生带来的不利影响降至最低程度。
Coal mine goaf is one of the most common and one of the problems left by coal resources mining and has the greatest impact and harm.Once the goaf collapses,it may lead to mountain collapse,and then bring greater harm.To effectively prevent the occurrence of geological disasters caused by collapse in coal mine goaf,it is often necessary to grasp the formation mechanism of geological disasters caused by collapse in coal mine goaf.At the same time,this is the basis for doing a good job in warning geological disasters caused by collapse,and it must be highly valued by relevant personnel.Based on this,the article first elaborated on the formation conditions and main influencing factors of Collapse body in the goaf area of Daping Coal Mine,including terrain,lithology,rock structure,heavy rainfall,and human activities.At the same time,FLAC numerical simulation method was used to analyze the mechanism of collapse formation from three dimensions:stress field characteristics,displacement field characteristics,and plastic zone characteristics,clarifying the law of geological disasters caused by collapse in goaf,for example,the occurrence of collapse geological disasters was directly caused by underground mining,and human factors,natural precipitation,and regional groundwater influence were other factors.Finally,a monitoring method for collapse geological disasters and warning suggestions based on monitoring and analysis results were proposed,aiming to provide reference for relevant personnel,minimize the adverse effects of geological disasters induced by landslides in coal mine goaf.
作者
安伯超
王国军
宋伟
An Bochao;Wang Guojun;Song Wei(Shandong Ding′an Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2024年第8期92-98,106,共8页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
中国智慧工程研究会“十四五”重点课题(JYK9880)。
关键词
煤矿采空区
采空区塌陷
崩塌
地质灾害
灾害形成机理
coal mine goaf
goaf collapse
collapse
geological disaster
disaster formation mechanism
作者简介
安伯超(1981-),男,山东青岛人,正高级工程师,硕士,现从事煤矿安全生产技术工作;通讯作者:宋伟(1979-),男,山东菏泽人,正高级工程师,现从事煤矿安全生产技术工作。
