摘要
为研究土地利用类型和水环境因子对浮游植物群落的影响,于2022年1月和7月对北江韶关段主要支流墨江、锦江、武江和南水河的25个采样点进行了浮游植物和环境因子的调查监测。在枯水期,共检测到浮游植物6门69种;在丰水期,共检测到浮游植物6门68种。无论是在枯水期还是丰水期,硅藻门和绿藻门的物种总数占比均超过80%。丰水期浮游植物的平均密度(5.65×105 cells·L^(-1))和生物量(1.20 mg·L^(-1))均明显高于枯水期(2.89×105 cells·L^(-1)、0.72 mg·L^(-1))。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和Margalef指数(D)表明,枯水期的物种多样性高于丰水期,而Pielou均匀度指数(J)在不同时期的值相近。选择pH、水温(WT)、浊度(TUR)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)作为主要水环境因子进行冗余分析(RDA),结果表明,在枯水期,3000 m缓冲区土地利用类型面积占比与水环境因子对浮游植物的变化具有最大解释能力(56.94%);在丰水期,1200 m缓冲区土地利用类型面积占比与水环境因子可最大程度解释浮游植物的变化情况(43.91%);在枯水期,WT是影响硅藻分布的主要环境因子,绿藻和蓝藻主要受TP和CODMn的影响,隐藻主要受林地面积比例和pH的影响;在丰水期,蓝藻和隐藻主要受pH、水域和林地面积比例的影响,硅藻主要受TP、CODMn和建筑用地面积比例的影响,绿藻主要受WT和TUR的影响。研究表明,不同水期浮游植物的影响因子存在差异,识别主要影响因子有利于制定合理的水生态修复及保护措施,以保证浮游植物多样性和水生态系统平衡与健康。
To study the effects of land use types and water environmental factors on the phytoplankton community,phytoplankton and their influencing factors were investigated and monitored at 25 sampling sites from the Mojiang River,Jinjiang River,Wujiang River,and Nanshui River,which are major tributaries of the Shaoguan section of the Beijiang River,during January and July 2022.69 species of phytoplankton belonging to 6 phyla were detected in the dry season,while 68 species of phytoplankton belonging to 6 phyla were detected in the wet season.The number of species of Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta during different water periods accounted for more than 80%.The average density(5.65×105 cells·L^(-1))and biomass(1.20 mg·L^(-1))of phytoplankton in the wet season were significantly higher than those in the dry season(2.89×105 cell·L^(-1) and 0.72 mg·L^(-1)).The Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)and Margalef index(D)showed that species diversity in the dry season was higher than that in the wet season,while the Pielou evenness index(J)was similar for different water periods.pH,water temperature(WT),turbidity(TUR),permanganate index(CODMn),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)were selected as key water environmental factors to participate in redundancy analysis(RDA).The proportion of land use type area from the 3000 m buffer zone and water environmental factors had greatest explanatory ability(56.94%)for the change in phytoplankton during dry season.For the wet season,the proportion of land use type area from the 1200 m buffer zone and water environmental factors could explain the change in phytoplankton to the greatest extent(43.91%).The results of RDA showed that WT was the major factor affecting distribution of Bacillariophyta during dry season.Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were primarily affected by TP and CODMn.Cryptophyta was primarily affected by the proportion of forest area and pH.During wet season,Cyanophyta and Cryptophyta were primarily affected by pH,water area,and the proportion of forest area.Bacillariophyta was primarily affected by TP,CODMn,and the proportion of construction land area.Chlorophyta was primarily affected by WT and TUR.The phytoplankton influencing factors were different for different water periods.Identifying the major influencing factors is conducive to formulating reasonable water ecological restoration and protection measures to ensure phytoplankton diversity along with a healthy and balanced water ecosystem.
作者
周铭浩
李彤
叶四化
邓滢
张家卫
林学明
ZHOU Minghao;LI Tong;YE Sihua;DENG Ying;ZHANG Jiawei;LIN Xueming(Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510308,China;Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510006,China;Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,South China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510611,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1846-1858,共13页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111350001)
广东省省级科技计划项目(2022B0202160007)。
关键词
北江
浮游植物
群落结构
土地利用类型
水环境因子
Beijiang River
phytoplankton
community structure
land use type
water environmental factor
作者简介
周铭浩(1990-),男,湖南常德人,博士,主要从事水生态环境质量监测与预警预报等研究。E-mail:942414882@qq.com;通信作者:林学明,E-mail:xm.lin@scau.edu.cn。
