摘要
2014年,景德镇明清御窑厂遗址空白期地层出土了一批青花瓷枕碎片,文物工作人员通过“多级分类,系列复原”的修复方法,拼合复原出同一形制、10个不同纹饰的青花如意形瓷枕共计116件。这批集中出土的瓷枕,为我们研究明正统至天顺时期的宫廷生活、官窑瓷器烧造,提供了可靠的实物依据。我们通过对这批瓷枕局部特征分析和成型模拟实验,还原了瓷枕的成型工艺、内壁施釉方法和青花绘制技艺,从而分析出这批青花如意形瓷枕的制作方法,并认为该形制瓷枕是在磁州窑如意形瓷枕基础上的模仿和改良。然而,御窑厂出于对大批量生产瓷枕以及美观和实用性的追求,采取了特殊制瓷工艺,导致瓷枕烧制失败率大幅度增加。
In 2014,a batch of blue-and-white porcelain-pillow shards were discovered in the blank period stratum at the Ming and Qing dynasties Jingdezhen imperial-kiln site.Through the restoration method of"multiple-categorization and type-based restoration",one hundred and sixteen porcelain pillows of the same type with ten different styles of decorations were aligned and restored.These porcelain pillows provide reliable physical evidence for the study of the court life and the making of porcelain by official kilns from Zhengtong to Tianshun period in the Ming dynasty.Through analysis of partial features and simulation of forming,the following techniques have been re-conducted:forming of the porcelain pillow,methods of applying glaze on the interior surface and painting of the blue-and-white patterns.Through analysis,the author identified the manufacturing method of theses porcelain pillows and considered that they were modeled after Cizhou kiln ruyishaped porcelain pillows.Yet,the pursuit of mass production,aesthetics and practicality at the same time,led to repeated production failure.
作者
江小民
李佳
郝国江
Jiang Xiaomin;Li Jia;Hao Guojiang
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第7期130-143,2,共15页
Journal of National Museum of China
基金
2021年度国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“黄河流域音乐文化多元一体格局研究”(项目批准号:21ZD18)
2021年度中国国家博物馆一般项目“馆藏戏曲文物整理与研究”(项目批准号:GBKX2021Y19)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
御窑厂遗址
空白期
青花如意形瓷枕
拼对修复
制作工艺溯源
Imperial kiln site
blank period
blue-and-white ruyi-shaped porcelain pillow
dry fitting and alignment
origin tracing of craftsmanship
