摘要
通过分析虉草和芦苇2个物种生育期、地上植株和地下根系的垂直分布等差异特性,研究虉草-芦苇群落中2个物种时空生态位的分布特征,并基于这一特征,探究2个物种在光照和土壤养分二维资源轴上互补利用特性。结果表明:虉草和芦苇2个物种的时间生态位分离度为70.4%,重叠度为29.6%;2个物种地上垂直空间生态位的分离度随重叠生长期的延长由72.5%降至0后升为57.1%,重叠度则由27.5%升至100%后降为42.9%;2个物种地下垂直空间生态位的分离度和重叠度均为50.0%。2个物种时空生态位分离特征尤为明显,其中,时间生态位较大程度的分离有利于2个物种错时互补利用多种资源,而地上和地下垂直空间生态分离则有利于2个物种分别错位互补利用群落内不同冠层的光照资源和不同土层内的养分资源。因此,该研究从物种生态位分布和资源利用间的关系揭示了虉草和芦苇2个物种竞争共存的维持机制。
By analyzing the differences in growth period,the vertical distribution of the ground plants and underground roots between P.arundinacea and P.australis,the distribution characteristics of spatial-temporal niche of two species in the P.arundinacea-P.australis community were studied,and the complementary utilization characteristics of two species on the two-dimensional resource axis of light and soil nutrient were probed on basis of above niche distribution characteristics.The results showed that the degree of temporal niche segregation of two species was 70.4%,while the degree of temporal niche overlap of two species was 29.6%.With the extension of overlap growth period of two species,their degrees of vertical spatial niche segregation on the ground from 72.5%decreased to 0 and then increased to 57.1%,while their degrees of vertical spatial niche overlap from^(2)7.5%increased to 100%and then decreased to 57.1%.Both the degree of vertical niche segregation and the degree of vertical niche overlap under the ground were 50.0%.The spatial-temporal niche segregation characteristic was particularly obvious.Among them,a greater degree of temporal niche segregation was conducive to the alternate utilization of multiple resources by the two species;the vertical niche segregation on the ground and underground were conducive to the alternate utilization of light on the different canopies in the P.arundinacea-P.australis community and soil nutrient in the different soil layers,respectively.Therefore,this study revealed that maintenance mechanism for competitive coexistence of two species of P.arundinacea and P.australis on basis of relationship between niche distribution and resources utilization.
作者
郭厚文
付为国
GUO Hou-wen;FU Wei-guo(Yu’an District Agriculture and Rural Bureau Seed Management Station,Lu’an,Anhui 237000;College of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第15期82-85,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31370448)
江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(15KJA210001)。
关键词
虉草
芦苇
时空生态位
资源互补利用
Phalaris arundinacea
Phragmites australis
Spatial-temporal niche
Resource complementary utilization
作者简介
郭厚文(1969—),男,安徽六安人,高级农艺师,从事农业技术研究和推广工作。;通信作者:付为国,研究员,博士,从事农业生态研究。
