摘要
本文采用全生命周期的视角,系统梳理了高分子材料从原材料采集、生产加工、使用过程到废弃处理各阶段所涉及的关键表征技术。详细探讨了原料组分分析、生产加工助剂的表征、老化产物分析、微塑料检测及降解性能评估等技术的选择依据、工作原理及其在环境影响评估中的具体应用。通过对这些技术的系统梳理,本文突出了它们在提供全面、科学的评价数据源方面的重要性,并进一步强调了这些表征技术在评估高分子材料全生命周期环境影响、指导材料选择和环境政策制定中的核心作用。此外,本文还介绍了最新的研究进展,并展示了这些技术如何应对当前评估中的新挑战,为高分子材料的可持续发展提供了坚实的科学依据。
This article adopts a full life-cycle perspective,systematically reviewing the key characterization technologies involved in each stage of polymer materials,from raw material collection,production and processing,use process to waste disposal.It thoroughly discusses the basis for selecting techniques,such as raw material component analysis,production and processing aid characterization,aging product analysis,microplastic detection,and degradation performance assessment,their working principles,and their specific applications in environmental impact assessment.By systematically reviewing these technologies,their importance in providing comprehensive and scientific evaluation data sources is highlighted,and the core role of these characterization technologies in assessing the environmental impact of polymer materials over their entire life cycle,guiding material selection and formulating environmental policies is further emphasized.In addition,the latest research progress is also introduced,showing how these technologies meet new challenges in current assessments,providing a solid scientific basis for the sustainable development of polymer materials.
作者
邹文奇
王佳敏
王建凤
张裕祥
魏晓晓
汤庆峰
钟怀宁
刘艳
高峡
ZOU Wen-qi;WANG Jia-min;WANG Jian-feng;ZHANG Yu-xiang;WEI Xiao-xiao;TANG Qing-feng;ZHONG Huai-ning;LIU Yan;GAO Xia(Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology&Quality Evaluation of Organic Material,Institute of Analysis and Testing,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology(Beijing Center for Physical&Chemical Analysis),Beijing 100094,China;National Key Laboratory of Food Contact Materials Testing(Guangdong),Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center,Guangzhou 510623,China)
出处
《高分子通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1011-1023,共13页
Polymer Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划(项目号2022YFF0606702,2023YFF061420)
国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目(项目号2021MK011),海南省重点研发计划(项目号ZDYF2020186,ZDYF2022SHFZ019)
北京市科学技术研究院创新培育项目(项目号23CB018)。
关键词
生物基材料
再生料
塑料生命周期评价
老化降解
微塑料
Biobased materials
Recycled materials
Life cycle assessment of plastics
Aging degradation
Microplastics
作者简介
通信联系人:刘艳,E-mail:xgly36@163.com;通信联系人:高峡,E-mail:gaoxia@bcpca.ac.cn。
