摘要
通过检索2022年国内外学术期刊发表的免疫学领域论文,综述其进展,重点介绍了天然免疫与炎症小体活化,T细胞免疫应答及免疫疗法,B细胞识别、调控及记忆功能,免疫耗竭,新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)免疫学机制及中医药防治进展。学科交叉与技术集成已成为推动免疫学发展的强大力量,随着高通量测序及筛选技术、全光谱流式细胞术、基因编辑技术、蛋白质工程技术、AI联合生物技术的发展及应用,研究人员得以深入挖掘天然免疫及适应性免疫的免疫应答特征、规律及其内在机制与靶点,从而寻找有效的治疗手段并开发针对适应症的疫苗及药物。2022年免疫学在基础理论及应用转化方面成果显著,但也面临着更大的挑战,新型冠状病毒的不断变异与其展现的免疫逃逸特点将持续性地困扰及危害人类社会,肿瘤及自身免疫疾病的免疫治疗如何提高其有效性与安全性,以及天然免疫与适应性免疫的基础研究还有待更深入的认识等。
This article reviews the immunological progress in 2022 by searching the papers published in academic journals.Focuses were put on the main achievements in innate immunity and activation of inflammasomes,T cell immune response and immunotherapy,recognition,regulation,and memory of B cells,immunodepletion,immunological mechanism of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19),and prevention and treatment of COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine.Interdisciplinary and technological integration have become a powerful force driving the development of immunology.With the development and application of high-throughput sequencing and screening technology,full spectrum flow cytometry,gene editing technology,protein engineering technology,and AI combined biotechnology,researchers are able to deeply explore the immune response characteristics,patterns,intrinsic mechanisms,and targets of natural and adaptive immunity,in order to find effective treatment methods and develop vaccines and drugs for indications.In 2022,immunology will make remarkable achievements in basic theory and application transformation,but also face greater challenges.The constant variation of novel coronavirus and its immune escape characteristics will continue to perplex and endanger human society.How to improve the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy for tumor and autoimmune diseases,as well as the basic research of natural immunity and adaptive immunity still needs to be further understood.
作者
于泽玥
孙建辉
郝莉雨
邓玉荣
李建良
单中超
霍海如
李洪梅
YU Zeyue;SUN Jianhui;HAO Liyu;DENG Yurong;LI Jianliang;SHAN Zhongchao;HUO Hairu;LI Hongmei(Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 117004,China;Academician Workstation,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第16期229-239,共11页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC0867600)
中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021B015)。
作者简介
第一作者:于泽玥,在读博士,从事中药药理学研究,E-mail:yy_015zy@163.com;通信作者:李洪梅,博士,研究员,从事中药药理学研究,E-mail:lihm2006@sina.cn。
