摘要
目的分析青少年航空学校医学选拔学生因神经精神科体检不合格的主要原因,为完善医学选拔的工作方法提供参考。方法采用回顾性研究,对2018—2022年报考空军青少年航空学校参加神经精神科体检的4542名初中毕业男生的不合格原因进行分析,比较各年度前5位神经精神科体检不合格原因的检出率。结果2018—2022年青少年航空学校石家庄站医学选拔神经精神科的不合格率整体呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=8.98,P=0.003),位居前5位的不合格原因分别为家族遗传病史(0.88%)、人工荨麻疹(0.46%)、晕厥史(0.35%)、昏迷史(0.35%)及晕厥前状态(0.35%)。其中青少年家族遗传病史和晕厥前状态的检出率整体呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.41、11.12,P=0.007、0.001);人工荨麻疹的检出率整体呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.33,P=0.012);晕厥史和昏迷史检出率无明显变化趋势(P>0.05)。结论家族遗传病史、晕厥前状态及人工荨麻疹检出率变化趋势可能与医生询问病史的技巧性和全面性有关。有必要通过加强医师队伍建设和改善体检环境的适宜性,提高未来青少年航空学校医学选拔神经精神科的质量和效率。
Objective To provide references for improving the methods of medical selection by analyzing the main reasons of disqualification in neuropsychiatric examination during medical selection of Air Force Youth Aviation School students.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the reasons for disqualification of 4542 junior high school male graduates who applied for the Air Force Youth Aviation School and undertook neuropsychiatric examination from 2018 to 2022.The yearly detection rates of the top 5 reasons of disqualification in neuropsychiatry were compared.Results The overall disqualification rate in neuropsychiatry during medical selection at Shijiazhuang Station of the Air Force Youth Aviation School from 2018 to 2022 showed an upward trend(χ^(2)=8.98,P=0.003).The top 5 reasons were family genetic history(0.88%),artificial urticaria(0.46%),syncope history(0.35%),coma history(0.35%),and pre-syncope status(0.35%).The detection rates of family genetic history and pre-syncope status in adolescents showed an overall growing trend,and the differences were significant(χ^(2)=7.41,11.12,P=0.007,0.001);the detection rate of artificial urticaria showed an overall decline trend,with a significant difference(χ^(2)=6.33,P=0.012).There was no significant change in the detection rates of syncope history and coma history(P>0.05).Conclusions The trend changes on the detection rates of family genetic history,pre-syncope status and artificial urticarial may related to the doctor's skill and comprehensiveness in disease history inquiry.It is necessary to improve the quality and efficiency of future neuropsychiatric examination for Air Force Youth Aviation School student selection by strengthening the construction of physician team and improving the suitability of examination environment.
作者
刘桂花
王炫颖
张美清
王春骁
张坤
任永刚
Liu Guihua;Wang Xuanying;Zhang Meiqing;Wang Chunxiao;Zhang Kun;Ren Yonggang(Department of Neurology,Air Force Hospital of the Central Theater Command,Datong 037000,China)
出处
《中华航空航天医学杂志》
2024年第1期56-59,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine
关键词
精神卫生
体格检查
合格鉴定
青少年
Mental health
Physical examination
Eligibility determination
Adolescent
作者简介
通信作者:任永刚,Email:ryg0000@163.com。
