摘要
辣木(Moringa oleifera)富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物元素和不饱和脂肪酸,高丹草(Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese)含糖量高且生物产量大,两者均为营养丰富饲料资源。本研究将辣木叶(Y)、辣木枝(Z)与辣木枝叶(ZY)分别以6个比例(0、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%)与高丹草(G)混贮,青贮40 d后检测青贮饲草的感官品质(气味、色泽、质地)、发酵品质(有机酸含量)和营养成分[粗蛋白(CP)、粗纤维(CF)、粗脂肪(EE)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、碳水化合物(WSC)],探究不同辣木组织(Y、Z、ZY)和高丹草适宜的混合青贮比例。结果显示,高丹草单贮感官评定总分最高,辣木叶与高丹草混贮平均分次之,辣木枝叶混贮感官评分等级最低;80%辣木叶与20%高丹草混贮显著降低了CF和NDF含量,40%辣木枝与60%高丹草混贮显著降低了CF含量并提高了NFE含量,60%辣木枝叶与40%高丹草混贮显著降低了CF含量并提高了EE含量。综上所述,辣木叶、枝、枝叶与高丹草最佳混贮比例分别为80%、40%和60%,辣木叶与高丹草以80%和20%混贮时效果最佳,本研究为有效利用辣木与高丹草资源从而促进云南生态畜牧业的可持续发展提供了依据。
Moringa oleifera is rich in protein,vitamins,mineral elements,and unsaturated fatty acids,whereas Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese have a high sugar content and high biological yield.Both are nutrient-rich forage resources.In this study,M.oleifera leaves(Y),M.oleifera branches(Z),and M.oleifera branches and leaves(ZY)were mixed with Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese(G)in the following six proportions:0,20%,40%,60%,80%,and 100%.After 40 days of silage,the sensory quality(odor,color,texture),fermentation quality(organic acid content),and nutritional composition of crude protein,crude fiber(CF),ether extract(EE),nitrogen-free extract(NFE),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber,crude ash,and water-soluble carbohydrates of the silage forage were evaluated.The appropriate proportion of different M.oleifera tissue(Y,Z,ZY)and Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese in mixed silage was explored.The results showed that single storage of Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese was the best,followed by mixed storage of Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese and M.oleifera leaves.Single storage of M.oleifera branches and leaves was the lowest.The CF and NDF contents were significantly decreased in the mixture of 80%M.oleifera leaves and 20%Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese,and the CF and NFE contents were significantly decreased in the mixture of 40%M.oleifera branch and 60%Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese.The CF content was significantly decreased,and EE content was significantly increased in the mixture of 60%M.oleifera branches and leaves and 40%Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese.These results show that silage quality can be improved by mixing with Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese.The optimal mixing ratio of M.oleifera leaves,branches,branches and leaves were 80%,40%,and 60%,respectively,with optimal results obtained for the 80%M.oleifera leaves and 20%Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese mixture.This study provides a foundation for efficient utilization of M.oleifera and Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese resources to facilitate sustainable development of ecological animal husbandry in Yunnan.
作者
韩学琴
李莲红
罗会英
邓红山
刘进娣
范建成
金杰
HAN Xueqin;LI Lianhong;LUO Huiying;DENG Hongshan;LIU Jindi;FAN Jiancheng;JIN Jie(Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou 651300,Yunnan,China;Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Botanical Garden,Yuanmou 651300,Yunnan,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1747-1756,共10页
Pratacultural Science
基金
云南省牟定县生态畜牧产业科技特派团项目(202304BI090019)
国家草品种区域试验云南元谋试验站云南省草品种区域试验点支持
国家牧草产业技术体系“德宏综合试验站”项目(CARS-34-52)
2021年省级发展专项资金“云南省省级特色作物种质资源圃”项目。
关键词
辣木
高丹草
混贮
饲料
感官品质
发酵品质
营养特性
Moringa oleifera
Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanese
mixed storage
forage
sensory quality
fermentation quality
nutritional characteristic
作者简介
第一作者:韩学琴(1978-),女,云南宾川人,副研究员,本科,研究方向为植物资源与草地生态。E-mail:40342898@qq.com;通信作者:金杰(1977-),男,云南大姚人,研究员,本科,研究方向为植物资源与草地生态。E-mail:276361917@qq.com。
