摘要
为探究砖肥对植烟土壤生化性状及烤烟根系发育的影响,以条施、穴施基肥为对照,分析常规砖肥、硅酸钾替代硫酸钾优化砖肥和砖肥施用位点及数量对土壤生化性状和烤烟根系生长发育的影响。结果表明,与条施、穴施基肥相比,常规砖肥处理土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性分别提高51.1%和32.7%,移栽25 d烟株根系活力提高28.8%,但常规砖肥对土壤有效磷、速效钾的供给能力较低。采用硅酸钾替代25%的硫酸钾优化砖肥配方,可有效避免养分的过度聚集,移栽95 d的烟株根系活力较常规砖肥提高42.6%。增加砖肥的施肥位点数量能够进一步提高土壤速效钾含量、根际土壤蔗糖酶活性和微生物数量,烤烟根系平均直径增加18.4%。综上所述,采用硅酸钾替代25%的硫酸钾对砖肥配方进行优化,并将施肥位点数量增加至5个,能够显著改善植烟土壤的生化性状,提高烤烟根系活力,优化根系形态,促进烤烟健壮根系的形成。
In order to investigate the effects of fertilizer briquette on biochemical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco planting soil and the development of flue-cured tobacco roots.Using strip and hole application of base fertilizer as controls,analyze the effects of conventional fertilizer briquette,potassium silicate replacing potassium sulfate to optimize fertilizer briquette and application sites and quantities of fertilizer briquette on soil biochemical characteristics and flue-cured tobacco root growth and development.The results showed that compared with strip and hole application of base fertilizer,using conventional fertilizer briquette for nutrient supply increased the activity of soil urease and sucrase,with an average increase of 51.1%and 32.7%,respectively.In addition,after 25 days of transplantation,the root activity increased by 28.8%,but the supply capacity of available phosphorus and available potassium was relatively low.Using potassium silicate instead of 25%potassium sulfate to optimize the formula of fertilizer briquette can effectively avoid excessive accumulation of nutrients,and the root vitality after 95 days of transplantation is 42.6%higher than that of conventional fertilizer briquette.Increasing the number of fertilization sites for fertilizer briquette can further improve the soil available potassium content,as well as the activity of sucrose enzymes and the number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil.It can also increase average diameter of flue-cured tobacco root by 18.4%.In summary,using potassium silicate instead of 25%potassium sulfate to optimize the fertilizer briquette formula and increasing the number of fertilization sites to 5 can significantly improve the biochemical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco planting soil,enhance its root vitality,optimize root morphology,and promote the formation of robust flue-cured tobacco roots.
作者
朱经伟
马亚欢
张恒
王新修
刘琼
杨承
刘文霖
杨荣
李琼香
谢洪敏
张云贵
ZHU Jingwei;MA Yahuan;ZHANG Heng;WANG Xinxiu;LIU Qiong;YANG Cheng;LIU Wenlin;YANG Rong;LI Qiongxiang;XIE Hongmin;ZHANG Yungui(Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang 550081,China;College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment and Leaf Tobacco Quality,Beijing 100081,China;Bijie Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Bijie 551700,Guizhou,China;Tongren Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Tongren 554300,Guizhou,China)
出处
《中国烟草科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期34-42,共9页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2021XM22)
中国烟草总公司科技项目(110202102037)
贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司科技项目(2022520500240186)。
关键词
砖肥
硅酸钾
施肥位点
土壤酶
土壤养分
根系
烤烟
fertilizer briquette
potassium silicate
fertilization sites
soil enzyme
soil nutrient
root
flue-cured tobacco
作者简介
第一作者:朱经伟(1988-),男,硕士,实习研究员,从事烟田养分管理研究。E-mail:hiz_j_w@163.com;通信作者:张云贵(1967-),男,博士,研究员,从事烟田养分管理研究。E-mail:zhangyungui@caas.cn。
