摘要
通过田间试验,探寻亚磷酸钾复配的最优搭配组合,为提高棉花产量和新疆棉花高产高效栽培技术的发展提供新思路和理论依据。试验于2022年在新疆阿克苏地区沙雅县进行,供试棉花品种为‘新陆中84号’,采用随机区组设计,以亚磷酸钾750 mL/hm^(2)为主,分别和6-苄氨基嘌呤12 mL/hm^(2)(PHO1)、14-羟基芸苔素甾醇150 mL/hm^(2)(PHO2)、萘乙酸0.18 mL/hm^(2)(PHO3)、吲哚乙酸0.18 g/hm^(2)(PHO4)和胺鲜酯20 g/hm^(2)(PHO5)进行复配,单施亚磷酸钾750 mL/hm^(2)(CK1)和清水(CK2)为对照,在化学封顶(7月5日)和封顶后7 d各喷施1次,分析各处理下棉铃时空分布、干物质积累与分配、光合特性和产量指标。结果表明:各处理均提高叶片光合速率,增加地上部干物质积累量,提高棉花单株结铃数和产量;其中PHO4和PHO5处理均可提高第1果节成铃率,从而增加单株结铃数,分别较对照单株结铃数增加3.09%~17.89%;PHO5处理较对照单铃质量提高1.35%,PHO4处理较对照籽棉产量提高15.76%~19.81%。因此,新疆地区化学封顶后推荐使用750 mL/hm^(2)亚磷酸钾复配0.18 g/hm^(2)吲哚乙酸(PHO4)或复配20 g/hm^(2)胺鲜酯(PHO5),以增加棉花单株结铃数,形成增产效果。
Through field experiments,the aim of this study was to identify the optimal combination of potassium phosphite compound,providing new ideas and a theoretical basis for enhancing cotton yield and developing high-yield and efficient cotton cultivation techniques in Xinjiang.The experiment,conducted in Shaya County,Aksu Region,Xinjiang,China in 2022,used the cotton variety‘Xinluzhong No.84’as experimental material.A randomized group design was employed,with potassium phosphite applied at 750 mL/hm^(2)as the main treatment.It was compounded with either 6-benzylaminopurine 12 mL/hm^(2)(PHO1),14-hydroxyrutinol 150 mL/hm^(2)(PHO2),naphthalene acetic acid 0.18 g/hm^(2)(PHO3),indole-3-acetic acid 0.18 g/hm^(2)(PHO4),or diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 20 g/hm^(2)(PHO5).The potassium phosphite applied at 750 mL/hm^(2)(CK1)and water(CK2)were applied as controls.Spraying was done at the time of chemical topping(July 5)and 7 days after topping.The analysis focused on cotton boll temporal and spatial distribution,dry matter accumulation and distribution,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield indicators under each treatment.The results showed that all treatments resulted in an increase in the leaf photosynthetic rate and aboveground dry matter accumulation,ultimately leading to an increase in the cotton plant's boll count and yield.Among the treatments,PHO4 and PHO5 demonstrated the ability to enhance the rate of boll formation in the initial fruiting node,resulting in a significant increase in boll count ranging from^(3).09%to 17.89%.The quality of bolls in the PHO5 treatment was observed,with an increase of 1.35%compared to the control boll quality,while the PHO4 treatment increased the yield of seed cotton by 15.76%to 19.81%compared to the control.Therefore,after chemical topping,it is recommended to use 750 mL/hm^(2)potassium phosphite combined with 0.18 g/hm^(2)indole-3-acetic acid(PHO4)or 20 g/hm^(2)aminoglutethimide(PHO5)to increase cotton boll number and achieve yield increase.
作者
李欣欣
田阳青
赵强
穆妮热·阿卜杜艾尼
吴刚
王文庆
张家豪
占东霞
宋兴虎
LI Xinxin;TIAN Yangqing;ZHAO Qiang;MUNIRE·Abduaini;WU Gang;WANG Wenqing;ZHANG Jiahao;ZHAN Dongxia;SONG Xinghu(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Engineering Research Centre of Cotton,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830000,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1260-1273,共14页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A01002-2)。
关键词
棉花
亚磷酸钾
外源物质
成铃特性
产量
Cotton
Potassium phosphite
Exogenous substances
Boll formation characteristics
Yield
作者简介
第一作者:李欣欣,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物化学控制原理与技术。E-mail:l1901023664@163.com;通信作者:赵强,男,博士,教授,研究方向为作物化学控制原理与技术。E-mail:qiangzhao99@163.com;通信作者:占东霞,女,博士,讲师,研究为作物高产栽培技术。E-mail:zhandongxia@sina.cn。
