摘要
为明确灌浆期干旱胁迫对不同品种小麦生理特性和根系生长的影响,以高产高抗新品种郑麦1860和对照品种百农207、周麦18为材料,研究了灌浆期干旱处理对小麦根生长和生理性状的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫下,郑麦1860的净光合速率(P_(n))显著高于周麦18,郑麦1860与百农207的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性提高,同时郑麦1860具有更高的根冠比、根尖数以及根表面积。与百农207和周麦18相比,郑麦1860的丙二醛含量在复水后与对照组差异最小。试验结果表明灌浆期干旱胁迫下郑麦1860能维持较高的Pn,稳定籽粒产量。通过提高SOD、CAT和POD活性从而加快谷胱甘肽再生,通过促进还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽升高来减缓膜脂过氧化损伤。并且郑麦1860具有更强的吸水能力,在干旱胁迫下清除多余活性氧的能力更强,从而减少干旱胁迫对膜结构造成的损伤。
In order to study the effects of drought stress during grain filling period on physiological and root characteristics among different wheat cultivars,the new variety Zhengmai 1860 with high yield and high resistance,Bainong 207 and Zhoumai 18 were selected as experimental materials.The results showed the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))of Zhengmai 1860 was significantly higher than that of Zhoumai 18,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)in Zhengmai 1860 and Bainong 207 increased under drought stress,meanwhile,Zhengmai 1860 had higher ratio of root to shoot,the number of root tips and root surface.Compared with Bainong 207 and Zhoumai 18,the malonaldehyde(MDA)content of Zhengmai 1860 was less than that of the control group after rehydration.The results also showed that Zhengmai 1860 could maintain a high Pn and stabilize grain yield under drought stress at grain filling stage.By increasing activities of SOD,CAT and POD,it accelerated the regeneration of glutathione and promoted the increase of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione to slow down the membrane lipid peroxidation damage.Furthermore,Zhengmai 1860 has stronger water absorption capacity,greater ability to remove excess reactive oxygen species under drought stress,thus reducing the damage of membrane structure caused by drought stress.
作者
薛鑫雨
詹文博
陈新宜
周瑞祥
王永霞
薛瑞丽
李华
汪月霞
李艳
Xue Xinyu;Zhan Wenbo;Chen Xinyi;Zhou Ruixiang;Wang Yongxia;Xue Ruili;Li Hua;Wang Yuexia;Li Yan(College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Institute of Crops Molecular Breeding,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2024年第3期192-200,共9页
Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1704103)
河南省自然科学基金(222300420453)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-03)
河南省科技攻关计划(222102110405)。
关键词
小麦
干旱胁迫
根
保护酶
基因表达调控
Triticum aestivum L.
Drought stress
Root
Protective enzyme
Regulation of gene expression
作者简介
薛鑫雨,主要从事小麦抗逆生理学研究,E-mail:hengzi594@163.com;通信作者:汪月霞,主要从事小麦抗逆栽培生理学研究,E-mail:yxwang2100@126.com;共同通信作者:李艳,主要从事小麦抗逆栽培生理学研究,E-mail:liyanly7812@163.com。
