小浪底水库运行下花园口河段黄河鲤生态流量研究

Study on the ecological flow of Yellow River carp in Huayuankou river reach under the regulation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir

在线阅读下载PDF

导出

摘要【目的】大坝和水库等水利工程的修建在带来防洪减灾效益的同时,也给所在区域的水生生物栖息繁衍带来了一定影响,诊断关键水生生物的生态流量对大坝下游的生态环境修复工作具有重要意义。【方法】以黄河下游花园口河段为例,探讨了小浪底水库运行下不同流量情景下的黄河鲤栖息地质量情况,并由此推求黄河鲤的生态流量。基于栖息地模拟法,通过构建耦合栖息地适宜度模型的二维水动力模型,分析了黄河鲤鱼苗期、亲鱼期的栖息地适宜度指数空间分布,分别建立了黄河鲤两个生命阶段流量与栖息地加权可用面积关系曲线。【结果】结果表明:随着模拟流量的增大,黄河鲤不同生命阶段的栖息地适宜度指数空间分布及栖息地加权可用面积呈现先增加,达到峰值后逐渐减小的变化规律。【结论】黄河下游花园口河段的最小生态流量为1 150 m~3/s,适宜生态流量为1 450 m~3/s,最适宜生态流量为3 000 m~3/s,研究成果加深了对大流量情景下黄河鲤栖息地质量的认识,对黄河下游生态保护与修复具有重要意义。 [Objective]The construction of water conservancy projects,such as dams and reservoirs,has both flood control and disaster mitigation benefits,but also impacts the habitat and reproduction of aquatic organisms in the affected areas.Therefore,it is important to assess the ecological flow requirements of key aquatic organisms for downstream ecological restoration of dams.[Methods]The study investigated the habitat quality of Yellow River carp(Cyprinus carpio) under different flow scenarios from the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir.The Huayuankou River section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River was chosen as the study area,and the ecological flows of Yellow River carp were then deduced.Using a habitat modeling method,the study analyzed the spatial distribution of habitat suitability indices for Yellow River carp during both the larval and the parental stages.A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was constructed and coupled with the habitat suitability model to simulate different flow scenarios.The relationship between the flow rate and the weighted usable area of the habitat for each life stage of Yellow River carp was established.[Results]The result indicated that with the increase of the simulated flow,the spatial distribution of the habitat suitability index and the weighted usable area of the habitat of different life stages of Yellow River carp exhibited a pattern of initially increasing,reaching a peak,and then gradually decreasing.[Conclusion]This study determined that the minimum ecological flow in the Huayuankou section of the lower Yellow River is 1 150 m~3/s,the appropriate ecological flow is 1 450 m~3/s,and the optimal ecological flow is 3 000 m~3/s.These findings deepen the understanding of the quality of the Yellow River carp habitat under high-flow scenarios and have significant implications for the ecological protection and restoration of the lower Yellow River.

作者张尚弘姜琪唐彩红岳子琪 ZHANG Shanghong;JIANG Qi;TANG Caihong;YUE Ziqi(School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院

出处《水利水电技术（中英文）》北大核心 2024年第4期151-162,共12页 Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基金国家自然科学基金(U2243236,52061135104) 中国空间技术研究院CAST创新基金。

关键词生态流量栖息地模型黄河流域黄河鲤小浪底水库 ecological flow habitat modeling Yellow River Basin Yellow River carp Xiaolangdi Reservoir

分类号 X143 [环境科学与工程—环境科学]

作者简介张尚弘(1977-),男,教授,博士,主要从事流域水文模型、水生态影响评价及水信息学方面的研究。E-mail:zhangsh928@126.com;通信作者:唐彩红(1992-),女,副教授,博士,主要从事水动力模拟和水环境模拟的研究。E-mail:tangcaihong@ncepu.edu.cn。