摘要
人参为我国传统的食药同源资源,但由于潜在的催吐等副作用,在人参炮制过程中需要做去芦处理,导致大量的人参芦头被丢弃,造成了严重的资源浪费,如何减少浪费、提高人参的综合应用需要进行相应研究。该研究建立了基于超高液相色谱法的人参皂苷检测方法,通过对13种人参皂苷单体进行测试,验证了该检测方法的准确性与可靠性。采用生物转化的方法,从6株候选菌株中筛选出转化人参皂苷Rd产量最高的菌株Bacillus subtilisLM 4-2,推测人参皂苷Rd经由Rc水解途径转化而来,进一步通过单因素试验与响应面试验设计,确定了菌株LM 4-2的最佳发酵条件为发酵时间20 d,温度30℃,料液比1∶4.3(g∶mL),接种量7.5%,该优化条件下Rd产量为(6.375±0.006)mg/g。同时,研究还对人参芦头发酵提取物的抗氧化性和抑菌效果进行了测定,抗氧化性试验发现DPPH自由基的清除率随着提取物浓度的增加而增加,提取物质量浓度为50 mg/mL时,DPPH自由基的清除率为82.55%;抑菌试验结果表明,在提取物质量浓度达到1.0 mg/mL时,对测试菌株金黄色葡萄球菌,枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌均能产生抑制作用,发酵液对3种测试菌株的最低抑制浓度分别为1.0、0.75和1.0 mg/mL。这些研究为通过菌株LM 4-2发酵人参芦头转化人参皂苷Rd、提高人参芦头的应用价值提供了参考。
Ginseng is a traditional food-medicine homologous resource in China,yet its potential side effects,such as inducing vomiting,necessitate the removal of rhizome during processing.This leads to the significant waste of ginseng saponin-rich parts,highlighting the need for research aimed at reducing waste and enhancing the comprehensive utilization of ginseng.This study established a ginseng saponin detection method system based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography,validating the accuracy and reliability of the method through testing 13 ginseng saponin monomers.Utilizing biotransformation,the strain Bacillus subtilis LM 4-2 was identified from six candidate strains as producing the highest yield of ginsenoside Rd,presumed to be transformed from Rc via a hydrolysis pathway.Further experimentation,through single-factor and response surface methodology design,determined the optimal fermentation conditions for strain LM 4-2,i.e.fermentation time of 20 days,temperature of 30℃,solid to liquid ratio of 1∶4.3(g∶mL),and inoculum size of 7.5%,under which the yield of Rd reached(6.375±0.006)mg/g.Additionally,this research assessed the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of fermented ginseng saponin-rich parts extracts.Antioxidant tests revealed that the DPPH radical scavenging rate increased with the extract concentration,reaching 82.55%at 50 mg/mL.Antibacterial assays demonstrated that the extract inhibited the growth of tested strains,including Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli,with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.0,0.75,and 1.0 mg/mL,respectively.These findings provide a reference for the biotransformation of ginseng saponin-rich parts into ginsenoside Rd via fermentation with strain LM 4-2,thereby enhancing the application value of these parts.
作者
尤晓颜
李亚春
布青云
任广跃
YOU Xiaoyan;LI Yachun;BU Qingyun;REN Guangyue(College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)
出处
《食品与发酵工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期38-46,I0001,共10页
Food and Fermentation Industries
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31200035)。
关键词
人参芦头
人参皂苷
抗氧化性
抑菌作用
生物转化
ginseng rhizome
ginsenoside
oxidation resistance
bacteriostasis
biotransformation
作者简介
第一作者:尤晓颜,博士,副教授;通信作者:尤晓颜,副教授,E-mail:xiaoyanyou@haust.edu.cn;通信作者:任广跃,教授,E-mail:guangyueyao@163.com。
