摘要
以怀化市具有典型代表性的低产毛竹林为研究对象,采用浅垦+林分结构调整(处理Ⅰ)、深垦+施肥+林分结构调整(处理Ⅱ)、带垦+压青+林分结构调整(处理Ⅲ)、撩壕+深施肥+林分结构调整(处理Ⅳ)等4种措施进行改造。2016—2020年连续监测毛竹林的发笋、成竹、秆质量、鲜笋质量、毛料质量、总产值、净产值以及新生鞭生长、新竹生长等因子。结果表明:不同低产林改造措施下毛竹的新生鞭长度、直径、分布深度以及单位面积鲜笋质量、壮芽数、新生竹净产值和增收、经济效益等均呈现为处理Ⅳ的>处理Ⅲ的>处理Ⅱ的>处理Ⅰ的。4种改造措施均可不同程度地提高毛竹低产林质量、产量和经济效益,其中处理Ⅳ的投入最高,增产幅度最大;新生鞭数量最多、质量最大、芽最多。低改4年后,处理Ⅳ的发笋数和成竹数均最多,分别达76725.0个·hm^(-2)和30780.0株·hm^(-2);新竹平均胸径、净产值、增收均最大,分别达12.13 cm、135701.0元·hm^(-2)、107420.0元·hm^(-2)。由此可见,毛竹林的经济效益与垦复深度和施肥量密切相关。本研究结果可为怀化市加强毛竹资源开发、提高林地产出、增加农民收入、助推乡村振兴等提供参考。
Focused on the typical low-yield Phyllostachys edulis forest in Huaihua City as research object,four forest reconstruction measures were implemented as following:shallow reclamation with stand structure adjustment(T1),deep reclamation with fertilization and stand structure adjustment(T2),belt reclamation with afforestation,green manuring and stand structure adjustment(T3),and ditching with deep fertilization and stand structure adjustment(T4).From 2016 to 2020,continuous monitoring was conducted on factors such as bamboo shoot yield,stalk quality,fresh bamboo shoot quality,wool quality,total output value,net output value,bamboo whip growth,and growth of new bamboo roots and new bamboo.The results indicated that among the various reconstruction measures,trench opening combined with deep fertilization and stand structure adjustment exhibited the highest improvements in new crop length,diameter,distribution depth,fresh shoot quality per unit area,number of strong shoots,net output value,and income increase of new bamboo.The ranking of economic benefits under different reconstruction measures was as follows:T4>T3>T2>T1.The four measures all can enhance the quality,yield,and economic benefits of low-yield forests.The T4 measures yielding the highest input and increase rate in the highest number of new bamboo rhizomes,fresh shoot quality and buds.After 4 year reconstruction by T4,the maximum shoot density of 76725 shoots per hectare and a maximum bamboo density of 30780 plants per hectare,and the average diameter,highest output value and net income of new bamboo was reaching 12.13 cm,135701.0 yuan per hectar and 107420.0 yuan per hectare.It is evident that the economic benefits of bamboo forests were closely linked to the depth of reclamation and the amount of fertilizer applied.The research outcomes offer valuable insights for the strategic development of bamboo resources,augmentation of forest land output,enhancement of farmers income,and promotion of rural revitalization in Huaihua City.
作者
向继红
向宇
XIANG Jihong;XIANG Yu(Forestry Bureau of Huaihua City,Huaihua 418000,Hunan,China)
出处
《湖南林业科技》
2024年第2期64-69,共6页
Hunan Forestry Science & Technology
关键词
毛竹
低产林改造
生长
经济效益
Phyllostachys edulis
reconstruction of low-yield forest
growth
economic benefits
作者简介
第一作者:向继红(1969-),男,高级工程师,研究方向为森林经营培育、林业宏观政策,E-mail:xiangjihong2@126.com。
