摘要
目的分析某口腔医院学龄前儿童的龋齿患病率和影响因素,为学龄前儿童龋病的防治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年7月来合肥市口腔医院问诊的154名学龄前儿童龋病相关资料,根据口腔健康状况分为有龋组(n=124名)和无龋组(n=30名),采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析学龄前儿童龋病的影响因素。结果最终入组154名儿童,龋病率为80.52%。有龋组年龄和女性、喜食甜食、公立医院就诊占比均高于无龋组,父母从事医疗工作、具备口腔知识以及定期口腔检查占比低于无龋组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归结果显示,年龄增加(OR=1.646,95%CI:1.158~2.341)、喜食甜食(OR=0.226,95%CI:0.066~0.775)和在公立医院就诊(OR=3.377,95%CI:1.037~1.173)是学龄前儿童龋病发生的危险因素;父母具备口腔知识(OR=3.268,95%CI:1.072~9.965)是其保护因素。结论学龄前儿童龋病发病率较高,与年龄呈正相关且好发于女性,可从加强儿童饮食控制、提高父母口腔知识水平、提升非公立医院诊疗能力等方面对龋病进行预防控制。
Objective To analyse the prevalence and influencing factors for dental caries among preschool children in a dental hospi⁃tal so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of dental caries in preschoolers.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the dental caries-related data from 154 preschool children who attended consultations at a dental hospital in Hefei city from January 2020 to July 2023.They were categorized into caries group(124 children)and caries-free group(30 children)based on oral health status.The preva⁃lence of dental caries was analyzed,and the differences between the two groups in factors such as individual characteristics,family background,preventive care,and diet were compared using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results Ultimately,154 cases were en⁃rolled,resulting in a prevalence rate of 80.52%.In the caries group,the proportion and age of female patients,those with a preference for sweets,and those seeking medical treatment in public hospitals were higher compared to the non-caries group,and these observed differences achieved statistical significance(P<0.05).The proportion of parents engaged in medical work,possessing knowledge of oral hygiene,and con⁃ducting regular oral examinations among family factors was lower than that of the caries-free group(P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis revealed that advancing age(OR=1.646,95%CI:1.158~2.341),preference for sweets(OR=0.226,95%CI:0.066~0.775)and governmental hos⁃pital consultation(OR=3.377,95%CI:1.037~1.173)were identified as risk factors for dental caries.In contrast,parental knowledge of oral hy⁃giene(OR=3.268,95%CI:1.072~9.965)was associated with a protective effect against dental caries(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of dental caries increase among preschool children,showing a positive correlation with age and a higher incidence in females.To effectively pre⁃vent and control dental caries,interventions should be implemented,such as reinforcing dietary control,enhancing parental oral health knowledge,and enhancing the diagnostic and treatment capacities of non-public hospitals.
作者
汪婧
陶冶
徐秀敏
WANG Jing;TAO Ye;XU Xiumin(Department of Pediatric Dentistry,Hefei Stomatological Hospital,Hefei 230001,China;Anhui Medical College,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《安徽医学》
2024年第4期500-504,共5页
Anhui Medical Journal
基金
合肥市卫生健康委2021年度应用医学研究项目(编号:Hwk2021zc004)
安徽省高等学校质量工程项目(编号:2022ahyzjyxm01)。
关键词
龋齿
学龄前儿童
流行病学调查
影响因素
Dental caries
Preschoolers
Epidemiological investigation
Influencing factors
作者简介
通信作者:徐秀敏,114384661@qq.com。
