摘要
短历时暴雨是形成城市内涝的主要原因,其雨型对内涝致灾影响显著。以陕西省西咸新区沣西新城为研究区域,基于模式雨型设计了具有不同集中度的典型暴雨过程,并考虑了降雨空间分布的不均匀性,应用城市雨洪模型(GAST-SWMM耦合模型)对7种模式雨型在不同重现期下的致涝特征进行模拟分析。结果表明:(1)单峰雨型比双峰雨型具有更强的致涝性,雨峰为中后峰的单峰雨型致涝性更强,雨峰为中峰的单峰雨型在小于50 a重现期下淹没量最大,而在大于50 a重现期下雨峰为后峰的单峰雨型淹没量最大,100 a重现期下其淹没量较雨型Ⅳ增大6.58%;(2)双峰雨型中雨型Ⅴ的致涝性最强,在100 a重现期时,其淹没量较雨型靠前的单峰雨型增加1912.42 m^(3);在大于20 a重现期时,雨型Ⅴ在中风险区的积水面积较雨峰靠前的单峰雨型增大1.81%~2.29%;(3)各雨型在高风险区的积水面积峰现时间随重现期的变化而不同,雨型Ⅵ的峰现时间始终在降雨结束时出现,雨型Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ的峰现时间随着重现期增大而提前;雨型Ⅰ、Ⅲ的峰现时间在小于20 a重现期时随着重现期增大,分别从105 min延后至120 min、110 min,在大于20 a重现期时随着重现期增大,分别从120 min、110 min提前到100 min。城市内涝特征对不同模式雨型条件下的响应规律的研究,可为相关部门抗涝救灾提供参考。
Urban waterlogging is primarily caused by short-duration rainstorms,and the rainfall pattern significantly influences the impact of waterlogging disasters.This study focuses on the Fengxi New Town in the Xianyang New Area and considers the uneven spatial distribution of rainfall.Various model rainstorm processes with different concentration levels were designed based on the rainfall pattern model.The urban stormwater model GAST-SWMM was employed to simulate and analyze the waterlogging characteristics of seven model rain patterns with different return periods.The findings reveal the following:(1)Single-peak rain patterns exhibit a more pronounced waterlogging effect compared to double-peak rain patterns,with the single-peak rain pattern featuring a mid-to-late peak demonstrating the strongest waterlogging effect.Among the single-peak rain patterns,the one with a mid peak exhibits the largest inundation volume for return periods below 50 years,while the one with a late peak demonstrates the largest inundation volume for return periods exceeding 50 years.Under a 100-year return period,the inundation volume of the late-peak single-peak rain pattern increased by 6.58%compared to rain pattern IV.(2)Among the double-peak rain patterns,rain pattern V exhibits the strongest waterlogging effect,with its inundation volume increasing by 1,912.42 m^(3)compared to the preceding single-peak rain pattern under a 100-year return period.For return periods exceeding 20 years,the flooded area in the moderate-risk zone for rain pattern V increases by 1.81%-2.29%compared to the singlepeak rain pattern with an earlier peak.(3)The occurrence time of the peak rainfall varies for each rain pattern in the high-risk zone based on the return period.Rain pattern VI consistently exhibits the peak occurrence time at the end of the rainfall,while the peak occurrence times of rain patterns II,IV,V,and VII advance with increasing return periods.The peak occurrence times of rain patterns I and III are delayed by 105 minutes and 110 minutes,respectively,as the return period increases to less than 20 years.However,for return periods exceeding 20 years,the peak occurrence times of rain patterns I and III advance to 100 minutes.This study explores the response characteristics of urban waterlogging to different model rain patterns,providing valuable insights for relevant departments involved in flood control and disaster relief efforts.
作者
梁鑫
侯精明
陈光照
李东来
潘鑫鑫
吕佳豪
马越
姬国强
LIANG Xin;HOU Jingming;CHEN Guangzhao;LI Donglai;PAN Xinxin;LÜJiahao;MA Yue;JI Guoqiang(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;Sponge City Technical Center in Fengxi New Town,Xixian New Area,Xi’an 712000,China)
出处
《水利水运工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期44-54,共11页
Hydro-Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52009104,52079106)
中德合作交流项目(M-0427)
陕西省科技创新团队项目(2020TD-023)。
作者简介
梁鑫(1998-),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事城市水利学方面的研究。E-mail:1135929548@qq.com;通信作者:侯精明(E-mail:jingming.hou@xaut.edu.cn)。
