摘要
【目的】研究有机液体肥对新疆南疆膜下滴灌棉花冠层特征、产量和品质的影响。【方法】选用塔河2号为参试品种,以单施化肥棉田为对照(CK),设置有机液体肥处理(T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4)、T_(5)),测定并分析不同处理下株高、主茎叶片数、叶面积指数、叶倾角、产量和品质的变化。【结果】与CK相比,施用有机液体肥提高了棉花株高、主茎叶片数、叶面积指数、叶倾角与地上部生物量。当籽棉产量达到6000 kg/hm^(2)以上时,棉花株高、主茎叶片数、叶面积指数和叶倾角较CK分别增加1.3~10.3 cm、2.0~2.3片、1.7~2.9、5.6~9.3°,营养和生殖器官干物质重较CK分别增加了1.3~25.7和0.1~44.5 g/株。且当籽棉产量超过6000 kg/hm^(2)时,籽棉产量、单铃重、总铃数较CK分别增加了17.2%~31.9%、15.5%~28.8%和3.5%~10.1%。此外,与CK相比,施用有机液体肥还提高了棉花上半部纤维平均长度、整齐度和断裂比强度。【结论】与单施化肥相比,施用有机液体肥能够改善棉花冠层结构,促进干物质积累,增产提质,且成本低,易操作,适合新疆南疆棉区推广应用。
【Objective】To ascertain the effects of organic liquid fertilizer on canopy characteristics,yield and quality of cotton under membrane drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】Tahe No.2 was selected as the test variety,and the cotton field with single fertilizer application was used as the control(CK).Organic liquid fertilizer treatment(carried out in the five fields of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(4) and T_(5))was set.The changes of plant height,main stem and leaf number,leaf area index,leaf dip angle,yield and quality under different treatments were measured and analyzed.【Results】Compared with CK,the application of organic liquid fertilizer increased plant height,leaf number,leaf area index,leaf inclination and aboveground biomass of cotton.When the seed cotton yield reached 6,000 kg/hm^(2),plant height,leaf number of main stem,leaf area index and leaf inclination angle increased by 1.3-10.3 cm,2.0-2.3,1.7-2.9 and 5.6-9.3°compared with CK,respectively.Compared with CK,the dry matter weight of nutrition and reproductive organs increased by 1.3-25.7 g/plant and 0.1-44.5 g/plant,respectively.When the seed cotton yield exceeded 6,000 kg/hm^(2),the seed cotton yield,single boll weight and total boll number increased by 17.2%-31.9%,15.5%-28.8%and 3.5%-10.1%compared with CK,respectively.In addition,compared with CK,the average length,uniformity and breaking strength of the top half of cotton were improved by applying organic liquid fertilizer.【Conclusion】Compared with single application of chemical fertilizer,the application of organic liquid fertilizer can improve cotton canopy structure,promote dry matter accumulation,increase yield and improve quality with low cost and easy operation,which is suitable for popularization and application in cotton area in southern Xinjiang.
作者
赵后秀
郝先哲
石峰
李军宏
梁琪
王潭刚
田立文
罗宏海
王军
ZHAO Houxiu;HAO Xianzhe;SHI Feng;LI Junhong;LIANG Qi;WANG Tangang;TIAN Liwen;LUO Honghai;WANG Jun(Agricultural College of Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Oasis Agriculture in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy and Soil Fertilizer,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;Institute of Agricultural Science,the Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tumushuke Xinjiang 843900,China;Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期556-564,共9页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260539)。
关键词
棉花
有机液体肥
品质
产量
冠层特征
cotton
organic liquid fertilizer
quality
yield
canopy characteristics
作者简介
赵后秀(1999-),男,江苏宿迁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物高产生理与节水栽培,(E-mail)2545747822@qq.com;通讯作者:王军(1980-),男,新疆人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为作物高产生理与节水栽培,(E-mail)108689011@qq.com。
