摘要
为给名优茶机采作业提供设备选型依据,测试比较了4款浙江茶区常见的采茶机的名优茶采摘作业效率、采摘质量与作业成本。测试结果表明,双人采茶机在机采作业中具有最快的作业速度与采摘效率,但是其名优茶采摘质量不佳,一芽一二叶得率为22.5%;单人采茶机作业效率不如双人采茶机,但采摘效果好,一芽一二叶得率为40.7%;电动便携采茶机则具有经济性优点,每667 m^(2)采摘成本为14.69元,其一芽一二叶得率不如单人采茶机,但优于双人采茶机;手持式名优茶采摘机采摘质量最好,但采摘效率最低。综合机采速度与采摘质量,实际生产中可考虑传统的单人采茶机作为名优茶机采装备。
To optimize equipment selection for premium tea harvesting,a comprehensive assessment of four tea harvesting machines in Zhejiang was conducted to compare their operational efficiency,picking quality and operating costs.The results reveal that the dual-person tea-harvesting machine exhibited the best speed and efficiency in operation.However,its quality for premium tea was suboptimal,with a yield of only 22.5%for one bud and one or two leaves.On the other hand,the efficiency of single-person tea-harvesting machine was not as good as that of the dual-person tea-harvesting machine,but the picking quality was good,achieving a yield of 40.7%for one bud and one or two leaves.The electric drive portable tea-harvesting machine had economic advantages with a picking cost of 14.69 yuan per 667 m2.Nev-ertheless,its yield of one bud and one or two leaves was not as high as that of the single-person tea-harvesting machine,but better than the dual-person tea-harvesting machine.The hand held high-quality tea picking machine had the highest picking quality,but the picking efficiency was the lowest.Considering the balance between speed and harvested leaf quality,it is advisable to adopt the traditional single-person tea-harvesting machine as the equipment for premium tea gardens in actual production.
作者
倪康
石元值
郑生宏
马伟
阮建云
NI Kang;SHI Yuanzhi;ZHENG Shenghong;MA Wei;RUAN Jianyun(Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;Lishui Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Lishui 323000,China;Institute of Urban Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610213,China)
出处
《中国茶叶》
2024年第4期40-43,51,共5页
China Tea
基金
四川省科技计划项目(2022YFG0147)
浙江省三农九方项目(2023SNJF037)。
关键词
采茶机
作业效率
机械组成
经济评价
tea harvesting machine
performance efficiency
mechanical composition
economical evaluation
作者简介
倪康,男,副研究员,主要从事茶树栽培技术研究,E-mail:nikang@tricaas.com。
