摘要
自然保护区是为了保护具有代表性的生态系统、濒危野生动植物和具有特殊意义的自然遗迹而划分的区域,在保护自然资源和生态环境方面发挥着重要作用。黄土高原位于我国西北地区,地形地貌及自然条件复杂多样、动植物资源较为丰富,了解该区域的自然保护区建设成效对其生态恢复和生物多样性保护具有重要意义。本研究以2017年自然保护区名录为基础数据,采用数理统计、地理空间分析方法对其建设历史、空间分布以及生境保护成效进行分析,以探究黄土高原自然保护区建设成效。结果表明:(1)黄土高原已经建立自然保护区148处、面积5811.03×10^(3)km^(2),约占黄土高原的陆地面积9.8%,但保护面积占比仍然低于全国平均值(14.86%;2017年底);(2)黄土高原自然保护区整体呈随机分布,在陕西省南部和山西省等地区密度较高,而在西北部地区密度较低;(3)黄土高原东南部的自然保护区1998-2019年NDVI的增长趋势和稳定性好于西北部。未来黄土高原自然保护区建设应适当调整密度较高的区域,在中西部适当增加自然保护区数量,进一步强化保护生境稳定性较差的西北部保护区。黄土高原自然保护区基础资料数据库建立将有利于该区自然保护区建设的宏观规划。
Nature reserves are areas designated to protect representative ecosystems,endangered wildlife and natural relics of special significance.They play an important role in protecting natural resources and ecological environment.The loess plateau is located in the northwest of China,where the landform is complex,the natural conditions are diverse,and the animal and plant resources are relatively rich.Understanding the construction effectiveness of nature reserves in this region is of great significance for its ecological restoration and biodiversity protection.The mathematical statistics and geospatial analysis methods were applied to analyze the construction history,spatial distribution and habitat protection of these natural reserves based on the list of natural reserves in 2017.The construction effectiveness of these nature reserves was explored on the Loess Plateau.The results showed that i)148 nature reserves covering an area of 581.103×10^(4)km^(2)had been established on the Loess Plateau,accounting for 9.8%of the total land area of the plateau.However,the protected area in the region was still lower than that overal China(14.86%by the end of 2017).ii)The nature reserves of Loess Plateau are randomly distributed on the whole,which is characterized by high density in southern Shaanxi Province and Shaanxi Province,while low density in the central and western regions.iii)The growth trend and stability of NDVI(1998 to 2019)of nature reserves of the southeast Loess Plateau were better than those in the northwest.In the future,the management of nature reserves should properly adjust all protected areas with overlapping boundaries on the Loess Plateau.It is appropriate to increase the number of nature reserves in the central and western regions of the Loess Plateau,as well as strengthen the protection of unstable nature reserves in the northwest of the Loess Plateau.Besides,the establishment of the basic database for all nature reserves should be conducive to the macro planning of the construction of nature reserves system on the Loess Plateau.
作者
安克丽
张月妮
刘颖
黄菁华
李国庆
AN Ke-li;ZHANG Yue-ni;LIU Ying;HUANG Jing-hua;LI Guo-qing(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,shaanxi71210;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resource,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2023年第6期8-17,共10页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31971488,31300407)。
关键词
自然保护区
建设现状
空间分布
建设成效
黄土高原
Nature reserves
construction status
spatial distribution
construction effectiveness
Loess Plateau
作者简介
安克丽(1996-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事生物多样性形成机制与保护研究;通信作者:李国庆。
