摘要
为提升地铁列车在碰撞过程的平稳性和耐撞性,提出一种刨削式吸能防爬器。该吸能结构因其抗偏载能力强,结构紧凑等优点被广泛应用于地铁列车的端部吸能结构中。以某型地铁列车的刨削式防爬器为研究对象,使用有限元仿真的方式建立该吸能结构的对称简化模型,并结合台车冲击的试验数据验证有限元模型的准确性;通过数值仿真的方式,将刨刀前角(α)、刨刀后角(β)、刨刀宽度(w)和刨削深度(d)作为输入变量,以总吸能量(E_(A))和吸能阶段的平均刨削力(M_(PF))为耐撞性指标,以样本方差(S^(2))作为考核参照,通过全因子法对输入变量进行参数化分析;在此基础上,利用径向基函数构建代理模型,并采用多目标遗传算法(MOGA)对该吸能结构的主要设计参数进行优化设计,以确定结构参数的最佳的配置方案。研究结果表明:在该型刨削式防爬吸能结构的主要设计尺寸参数中,β对E_(A)、M_(PF)以及S^(2)的影响均不明显;α对MPF、E_(A)呈负相关,同时与S^(2)呈正相关;w和d对E_(A)与M_(PF)呈正相关、与S^(2)呈负相关;通过优化设计得到的吸能结构的最优的参数设计方案中:d为3.94 mm;α为7.78°,w为34 mm;最优设计方案的E_(A)提高了5.91%,M_(PF)提高了5.89%,S^(2)降低了45.4%,耐撞性与平稳性得到了提高。研究结果可为地铁列车刨削式防爬吸能结构的设计提供工程参考。
To enhance the stability and resistance of metro vehicles in collisions,a planning-type anti-climbing energy absorption structure was proposed.This kind of structure was widely used in the end energy absorption structure of metro vehicles due to its strong resistance to lateral loads and compact structure.Taking the planningtype anti-climbing device of a certain type of metro vehicle as the research object,a symmetrical simplified model of the energy absorption structure was established using finite element simulation,and the accuracy of the finite element model was verified by combining it with the test data of the trolley impact.Through numerical simulation,the planer’s face angle(α),back angle(β)and width(w)and planning depth(d)were used as the input variables.The energy absorption(E_(A))and mean planning force(M_(PF))of the energy absorbing stage were used as durability indicators,and the sample variance(S^(2))was used as the reference for assessment.The input variables were parameterized and analyzed by the Taguchi method.On this basis,a surrogate model was constructed using radial basis function,and the main design parameters of the energy absorption structure were optimized by the multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)to determine the best configuration of the structural parameters.The research results show that the influence ofβon E_(A),M_(PF),and S^(2)is not obvious,whileαis negatively correlated with M_(PF) and E_(A),but positively correlated with S^(2).w and d are positively correlated with E_(A) and M_(PF),but negatively correlated with S^(2).The optimal design scheme of the energy absorption structure obtained by optimization design is:d is 3.94 mm,αis 7.78°,and w is 34 mm.The E_(A) and M_(PF) of the optimal design scheme increased by 5.91%and 5.89%,respectively,while S^(2)decreased by 45.4%.The durability and stability of the energy absorption structure were improved.The research results provide engineering reference for the design of planning-type anti-climbing energy absorption structures of metro vehicles.
作者
许平
魏鲁宁
邢杰
关月溪
杨雨晖
郭维年
杨丽婷
XU Ping;WEI Luning;XING Jie;GUAN Yuexi;YANG Yuhui;GUO Weinian;YANG Liting(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Railway Vehicle Safety Technology,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期1232-1243,共12页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3703801)
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30853)。
关键词
地铁列车
刨削式防爬器
耐撞性
台车试验
平稳性
多目标优化
metro vehicle
planning type anti-climbing device
trolley experiment
crashworthiness
stationarity
multi-objective optimization
作者简介
通信作者:邢杰(1991—),男,山西太原人,实验师,博士,从事列车碰撞安全保护技术研究,E−mail:xingjie@csu.edu.cn。
