摘要
目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)儿童异常行为的相关影响因素,为ASD儿童的治疗和干预提供参考依据。方法回顾性选取2021年3月~2022年12月于乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院儿童保健科就诊的3~6岁ASD儿童102例作为病例组,同期选择门诊健康体检儿童110例作为对照组,采用儿童孤独症评定量表(Childhood Autism Rating Scale,CARS)评估ASD儿童的症状严重程度。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析患儿性别、母亲孕期情绪、孕期高危情况、父母关系、喂养方式、家庭教养方式等影响因素与ASD儿童异常行为发生的相关性。结果对两组儿童家庭情况、母亲孕期等相关因素进行比较分析发现,父母相处关系、儿童日常看护人、精神疾病家族史、家庭教养方式、家庭经济、性别、新生儿黄疸史、母亲孕期情绪变化、孕期是否出现高危情况、产后喂养方式等因素比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性儿童(OR=3.075,P=0.037)、新生儿黄疸史(OR=2.580,P=0.003)、母亲孕期情绪焦虑抑郁(OR=1.926,P=0.001)、较差的家庭经济状况(OR=2.398,P=0.023)是儿童发生ASD的相关危险因素;父母相处和谐(OR=0.648,P=0.048)和良好的家庭教养方式(OR=0.485,P=0.022)是儿童发生ASD的保护因素。结论ASD儿童受多方面因素影响,儿童性别(男)、新生儿黄疸史、母亲孕期焦虑抑郁情绪和较差的家庭经济状况是诱发儿童发生ASD的相关危险因素,父母相处和谐和良好的家庭教养方式是儿童发生ASD的保护因素。
Objective To explore the influencing factors related to abnormal behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and provide a reference for the treatment and intervention of children with ASD.Methods Retrospectively,102 children with ASD aged 3~6 years who attended the child health department of a tertiary hospital in Urumqi from March 2021 to December 2022 were selected as a case group,and 110 children who underwent out-patient health checkups during the same period were selected as a control group,and the symptom severity of children with ASD was assessed by using the Children's Autism Rating Scale(CARS).A multifactorial logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between influences such as the gender of the child,the mother's mood during preg-nancy,high-risk situations during pregnancy,parental relationship,feeding style,and family upbringing style and the occurrence of abnormal behaviors in children with ASD.Results A comparative analysis of factors related to the fam-ily situation of the children and the mother's pregnancy in the two groups revealed that the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)when comparing factors such as parental relationship,daily caregiver of the child,family history of mental illness,family parenting style,family economy,gender,history of neonatal jaundice,maternal emotional changes during pregnancy,presence of high-risk conditions during pregnancy,and postnatal feeding style.Multifactor Logistic regression analysis showed that male children(OR=3.075,P=0.037),history of neonatal jaundice(OR=2.580,P=0.003),maternal emotional anxiety and depression during pregnancy(OR=1.926,P=0.001),and poorer family economic status(OR=2.398,P=0.023)were associated with the development of ASD in children Har-mony between parents(OR=0.648,P=0.048)and good family parenting(OR=0.485,P=0.022)were risk factors for the development of ASD in children.Conclusion Children with ASD are affected by many factors.The sex of the child(male),history of neonatal jaundice,maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy and poor family economic status are risk factors associated with the development of ASD in children,and parental harmony and good family up-bringing are protective factors against the development of ASD in children.
作者
尼罗帕
艾力帕提·太来提
王敏囡
热娜·买买提
Niluopa;Ailipati Tailaiti;WANG Minnan(The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China)
出处
《国际精神病学杂志》
2024年第1期103-107,共5页
Journal Of International Psychiatry
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划资源共享平台建设项目(编号:PT2306)。
作者简介
第一作者:尼罗帕(1990.06-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,硕士研究生,主管技师,研究方向:儿童保健;通讯作者:热娜·买买提,Email:krena95@aliyun.com。
