摘要
研究潮土区冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系下长期不同秸秆还田措施对土壤磷素吸附解吸特性的影响,以期为提高该地区土壤供磷能力提供理论依据。依托山东禹城长期定位试验(始于2007年),研究了秸秆不还田(CK)、小麦秸秆单季还田(W)、玉米秸秆单季还田(M)和小麦玉米秸秆双季还田(D)4个处理对土壤有效磷含量和土壤磷吸附解吸特性的影响。结果发现,与CK相比,3种秸秆还田均显著提高了土壤有效磷含量,W、M和D处理有效磷含量分别增加了47.5%、15.4%和12.2%,而土壤交换性钙含量分别降低了49.1%、30.5%和31.7%。不同秸秆还田措施均对潮土磷吸附特征产生了影响:与CK相比,秸秆还田处理均能显著降低土壤对磷的吸附,W、M和D处理土壤磷平均吸附量分别下降了10.7%、7.5%和5.1%;单季秸秆还田处理W的土壤最大吸磷量(Q_(m))显著低于CK处理,但M和D处理土壤Q_(m)与CK没有显著差异;秸秆还田处理的磷吸附饱和度(DPS)均有所增加,但仅单季秸秆还田处理(W和M处理)的磷吸附饱和度显著高于CK。3种秸秆还田处理均显著提高了土壤磷解吸能力,各处理土壤磷解吸率表现为W>D≈M>CK,而秸秆还田处理均显著降低了土壤磷解吸滞后系数(HI),规律表现为CK>D≈M>W。相关性分析结果显示,土壤交换性钙含量与土壤磷吸附解吸能力显著相关。以上结果说明,在石灰性潮土中,单季和双季秸秆还田均能减少土壤对磷的吸附及增加其对磷的解吸能力,从而提升土壤供磷能力,且小麦单季秸秆还田效果优于其他两个秸秆还田处理。降低土壤中交换性钙对磷的固定可能是秸秆还田提高土壤磷有效性的重要途径。
To study the effects of long-term different straw returning strategies on soil phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of soil phosphorus under the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in fluco-aquic soil area,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for improving the phosphorus supply capacity of the soil in this area,in this study,based on a long-term(since 2007)field experiment located in Yucheng,Shandong Province,the varia-tions of soil phosphorus availability and soil adsorption and desorption characteristics of phosphorus under four treat-ments were determined,including no straw return(CK),wheat straw return(W),corn straw return(M),and wheat and corn straw return(D).The results showed that compared with CK,straw returning treatments significantly increased the content of soil available phosphorus.The content of available phosphorus in W,M and D treatments was 47.5%,15.4%,and 12.2%higher than that in CK,respectively,while W,M,and D treatments decreased the content of soil exchangeable calcium by 49.1%,30.5%,and 31.7%,respectively.In addition,different straw returning strategies showed distinct impacts on soil phosphorus adsorption characteristics.Compared with CK,W,M and D treatments decreased soil phosphorus absorption capacity by 10.7%,7.5%,and 5.1%,respectively.The maximum phosphorus uptake(Q_(m))in the soil under W treatment was significantly lower than that under CK treatment,while the Q_(m) was not significantly different between the treatments of M,D and CK.The soil phosphorus adsorption saturation(DPS)was significantly increased by W and M treatments,but it was little impacted by D treatment.The three straw returning treatments significantly increased the phosphorus desorption capacity of soil with the order of W>D≈M>CK,while which significantly decreased the desorption hysteresis coefficient(HI)of phosphorus desorption in soil,with the rule of CK>D≈M>W.The results of correlation analysis showed that the soil exchangeable calcium content was most correlated with the soil phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics.These results showed that straw return-ing can increase the soil phosphorus supply capacity by reducing soil phosphorus adsorption and increasing soil phosphorus desorption capacity,and the effect of single season wheat straw returning is better than other two straw returning treatments.The results also indicated that in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil,reducing the fixation of exchangea-ble calcium on phosphorus in soil is a great potential way for straw returning to increase soil phosphorus availability.
作者
丁井魁
徐博
叶新新
孙瑞波
熊启中
温延臣
张朝春
赵秉强
DING Jingkui;XU Bo;YE Xinxin;SUN Ruibo;XIONG Qizhong;WEN Yanchen;ZHANG Chaochun;ZHAO Bingqiang(Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phos-phorus Fertilizer/Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization/Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hefei 230036;Institute of Agricultural Re-sources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第1期110-116,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH050886)
巢湖流域基于秸秆还田水稻小麦磷肥匹配关键技术研发与集成应用(202103a06020012)共同资助。
关键词
秸秆还田
石灰性潮土
磷吸附解吸
交换性钙
土壤供磷能力
straw returning
calcareous fluvo-aquic soil
soil phosphorus adsorption and desorption
ex-changeable calcium
soil phosphorus supply capacity
作者简介
丁井魁,硕士研究生。E-mail:jingkuiding@163.com;通信作者:孙瑞波,博士,副教授。E-mail:rbsun@ahau.edu.cn;通信作者:赵秉强,博士,研究员,博士生导师。E-mail:zhaobingqiang@caas.cn。
