摘要
风力发电机组(以下简称风电机组)的转矩控制,需要兼顾发电效率与机组载荷,常采用恒转速-变转速-恒转速策略。针对柔塔型风电机组塔架频率低、在变转速区存在共振点,引起塔架疲劳载荷急剧增加的问题,提出一种分段式变转速策略:将传统的变转速区分解成2个变转速区和1个快速穿越区,在边界区通过及时下拉或上拉电磁转矩,使风轮转速快速上升或下降,实现共振区的快速穿越;动态调整PI转矩输出极限值,实现变转速区与恒转速区之间的平滑切换。建立用于转矩控制器设计的动力学模型,根据模型完成控制器参数设计,并对控制器的稳定性做出校验。通过GH Bladed仿真分析和风电现场测试验证,表明设计出的转矩控制器能在变转速区使机组快速穿越塔架共振区,有效避免塔架共振的发生,且在恒转速区能够较好地稳定转速,确保在不增加风电机组疲劳载荷的同时还有足够的稳定裕度,具有较高的工程应用价值。
The torque control of wind turbine needs to take both power generation efficiency and turbine loads into account and a strategy of constant speed-variable speed-constant speed is often adopted.In view of the low tower frequency of soft tower wind turbine and resonance point in the variable speed region which could increases the tower fatigue load sharply,a piecewise variable speed strategy is proposed:The traditional variable speed is divided into two variable speed regions and one fast pass through area,wind turbine in the boundary region can pass through resonance region successfully when pull down or up the electromagnetic torque timely to let the rotor speed rise or fall down rapidly.Dynamic adjustment of PI torque output limit to achieve the smooth switching between variable speed and constant speed.A dynamic model for torque controller design is established,according to which the controller parameters are designed,and the stability of the controller is verified.GH bladed simulation and wind field test shows that the designed torque controller can make wind turbine pass through the tower resonance zone quickly in the variable speed area then could effectively avoid the tower resonance,and can stabilize the speed very well in constant speed region,so the designed controller has enough stability margin without increasing tower fatigue loads,thus has high engineering application value.
作者
林志明
尹景勋
郑大周
雷必成
LIN Zhiming;YIN Jingxun;ZHENG Dazhou;LEI Bicheng(Intelligent Manufacturing College,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang Province,China;Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China;Dongfang Electric Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《电网技术》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期1361-1371,共11页
Power System Technology
基金
四川省重点研发计划项目(2023YFG0090)。
关键词
转矩控制
控制器设计
塔架共振
变转速
机组疲劳载荷
torque control
controller design
tower resonance
variable speed
turbine fatigue load
作者简介
通信作者:林志明(1982),男,高级工程师,研究方向为风电机组控制技术、预测控制与自适应控制技术,E-mail:lzm_hz@163.com;尹景勋(1982),男,高级工程师,研究方向为风电机组设计,E-mail:yingjingxun@dongfang.com;郑大周(1981),男,正高级工程师,研究方向为风电机组设计,E-mail:zhengdazhou@dongfang.com;雷必成(1974),男,副教授,研究方向为电机控制技术,E-mail:leibicheng@tzc.edu.cn。
