摘要
文章考察151个地点的材料并结合已刊方言论述,分析闽西连城及其周边地区方言“有”字在口语中今读的类型,同时画成特征分布地图。研究结果显示,“有”在这一区域的方言中有阴平、上声、阳入三种声调归并类型;韵母有读同侯韵、尤韵、模韵、麦韵等四种类型;声母有云母(v、j)、匣母(h、f、■)等语音层次,其历史层次及地理差异在学界已考察的地域中也不多见。“有”的这些读音表明,在一些方言接触带上的语音演变往往采取不同方言间声、韵、调交互感染的音变模式,这种演变模式不受词汇条件制约,产生音变的部分借入的是上层方言的音系特征而非音类读音的折合。文章还发现了一种语音现象,即有些地点某些音节结构表现出三种接触方言的特征,这在学术界还没有报道过。
This paper discusses the differences in phonological features of the word"you"(有)in 151 locations in western Fujian and its surrounding dialects.Three maps of the patterns and geo-graphical distributions have been drawn to show hierarchical differences and internal evolution of the tones,finals,and initials.The conclusion is that in Liancheng and the dialects in the surrounding are-as,i.e.,Yinping,Shangsheng and Yangru,there are three types of tonal mergence of"you",four types of finals,i.e.,"hou"(侯),"you"(尤),“mu"(模)and"mai"(麦),two types of initials,i.e.,"yun"(云)and"xia"(厘).The historical strata and geographical differences of the two initials have been rarely reported.The pronunciation of you in some dialects has two patterns:one is still retaining the initial and final of the Min pattern with a tonal type of Hakka pattern,the other is still retaining the initials and finals of the Hakka pattern with a tonal type of Min pattern.This shows that some di-alect contact areas often adopt comprehensive patterns of initial,final and tone from different dialects.It should be noted that this infectious pattern of sound change demonstrates two main characteristics:first,it is not constrained by lexical conditions,second,it is introduced from the phonological fea-tures of upper dialects,rather than the conversion of phonological rules.We also find a phonological phenomenon not yet reported in the literature,that is,some syllable structures in some places show the characteristics of three contacting dialects.
作者
余颂辉
严修鸿
Yu Songhui;Yan Xiuhong(School of Literature,JiangXi Science&Technology Normal University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330038;Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou Guangdong 510420)
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期624-639,共16页
Linguistic Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(16ZDA205)的阶段性成果。
关键词
闽西
“有”字读音
地理分布
语言接触
客家话
闽语
双向扩散音变
western Fujian
pronunciation of"you"(有)
geographical distribution
language con-tact
Hakka dialects
Min dialects
bidirectional diffusion
作者简介
余颂辉,男,1977年10月生,江西南昌人。江西科技师范大学文学院副教授,研究方向为汉语音韵学;通讯作者:严修鸿,男,1969年9月生,福建武平人。广东外语外贸大学中文学院教授,外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心兼职研究员,研究方向为汉语方言学。1799586322@qq.com。
