摘要
通过研究不同有机肥替代化肥比例对井冈蜜橘生长、品质和土壤化学性状的影响,提出适宜的有机替代比,为井冈蜜橘化肥减量与提质增效技术提供理论依据。于2021年在新干县连续开展井冈蜜橘有机肥替代化肥田间试验,等养分条件下,设置单施化肥(CK)、单施有机肥(T1)、有机替代率为氮85%(T2)、有机替代率为氮70%(T3)、有机替代率为氮55%(T4)共5个处理。结果表明,有机肥替代化肥处理对提高井冈蜜橘果实品质和土壤养分含量有积极的作用。与CK相比,T3处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾和有效磷含量分别增加了9.64%、14.32%、12.45%和19.46%。各有机肥替代化肥处理能有效降低土壤中有效态铜、镉、铅、汞及砷含量,其中以T1处理土壤有效态重金属含量最低。土壤酶活性对不同有机肥替代比表现出不同的动态响应,T3处理显著提升了土壤纤维素酶和硝酸还原酶活性,较CK处理分别提升了65.17%和27.38%。T3处理对提高叶片养分含量的作用较显著,叶片氮素含量相比CK提高了16.11%。有机肥部分替代化肥与化肥配合施用不但降低了化肥用量,而且对井冈蜜橘品质以及土壤养分和酶活性具有提升作用。从兼顾土壤肥力、井冈蜜橘产量和品质等方面综合考虑,以有机肥替代化肥氮70%替代率为最佳。
By investigating the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer at different proportions on the quality of Jianggang tangerine and soil chemical properties,the suitable organic substitution ratio could be proposed to provide a theoretical basis for chemical fertilizer reduction and quality and yield enhancement technology for Jinggang tangerine.The field experiment was conducted in Xingan county in 2021.Five treatments were set up,including single application of chemical fertilizer(CK),single application of organic fertilizer(T1),85%(T2),70%(T3)and 55%(T4)of chemical fertilizer nitrogen substituted by organic fertilizer.The results showed that the organic fertilizer substitution treatment had the positive effect on increasing the quality of Jinggang tangerine and soil nutrient content.Compare with CK,the contents of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus of T3 treatment were increased by 9.64%,14.32%,12.45%and 19.46%,respectively.The organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer treatments effectively decreased the contents of available copper,cadmium,lead,mercury and arsenic in the soil,among which the T1 treatment had the lowest contents of the available heavy metals in soil.Soil enzyme activities showed different dynamic responses to different organic fertilizer substitution ratios,and the T3 treatment significantly enhanced the soil cellulase and nitrate reductase activities by 65.17%and 27.38%,compared with the CK treatment.The T3 treatment had a more significant effect on improving leaf nutrient content,and leaf nitrogen content increased by 16.11%compared with CK.Partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer and its application combined with chemical fertilizer not only reduced the amount of chemical fertilizer,but also enhanced the quality of Jinggang tangerine as well as soil nutrient and enzyme activities.Considering the soil chemical properties,Jinggang tangerine yield and quality,70%of organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer is the best treatment.
作者
陈凯威
张仕彬
徐凯
尹鑫
王飞
周春火
倪国荣
CHEN Kai-wei;ZHANG Shi-bin;XU Kai;YIN Xin;WANG Fei;ZHOU Chun-huo;NI Guo-rong(Coege of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045;Zhongke EcologicalRestoration(Jiangxi)Innovation Research Institute Co.,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期97-106,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(3186110645)
江西省大学生创新创业训练项目(赣教高办函[2022]3号)。
关键词
有机肥替代化肥
井冈蜜橘品质
土壤养分
土壤酶活性
organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer
quality of Jinggang tangerine
soil nutrient
soil enzyme activity
作者简介
陈凯威(1997-),硕士研究生,主要从事肥料利用及土壤养分循环研究。E-mail:1779833892@qq.com;通讯作者:倪国荣,E-mail:ngr314@163.com。
