摘要
Advancements in genomics have dramatically accelerated the research on medicinal plants,and the development of herbgenomics has promoted the“Project of 1K Medicinal Plant Genome”to decipher their genetic code.However,it is difficult to obtain their high-quality whole genomes because of the prevalence of polyploidy and/or high genomic heterozygosity.Whole genomes of 123 medicinal plants were published until September 2022.These published genome sequences were investigated in this review,covering their classification,research teams,ploidy,medicinal functions,and sequencing strategies.More than 1,000 institutes or universities around the world and 50 countries are conducting research on medicinal plant genomes.Diploid species account for a majority of sequenced medicinal plants.The whole genomes of plants in the Poaceae family are the most studied.Almost 40%of the published papers studied species with tonifying,replenishing,and heat-cleaning medicinal effects.Medicinal plants are still in the process of domestication as compared with crops,thereby resulting in unclear genetic backgrounds and the lack of pure lines,thus making their genomes more difficult to complete.In addition,there is still no clear routine framework for a medicinal plant to obtain a high-quality whole genome.Herein,a clear and complete strategy has been originally proposed for creating a high-quality whole genome of medicinal plants.Moreover,whole genome-based biological studies of medicinal plants,including breeding and biosynthesis,were reviewed.We also advocate that a research platform of model medicinal plants should be established to promote the genomics research of medicinal plants.
基金
supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A03910,CI2021A04106)
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1710601)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes of China(ZXKT21026,ZZ15-YQ-033)
Major Special Project of Scientific and Technological Cooperation of Bijie City(2021-02)。
作者简介
Corresponding authors:Xiwen Li,email:xwli@icmm.ac.cn;Corresponding authors:Shilin Chen,email:slchen@icmm.ac.cn。
