摘要
目的 探究躯干控制对青年群体亚洲蹲和西方蹲时下肢运动生物力学特征的影响,为深蹲训练的应用和推广提供实证性依据。方法 24名健康男性青年大学生在带杆、无杆控制条件下进行亚洲蹲和西方蹲,运用红外光点运动捕捉系统和三维测力台采集其下肢运动学和动力学特征。通过Cortex-642.6.2软件,根据欧拉角方法计算获得下肢三维角度,运用逆动力学方法得到三维力矩。通过2×2重复设计的双因素方差分析检验躯干控制和深蹲姿势对下肢运动特征的影响。结果 躯干控制和深蹲姿势对运动学和动力学参数均无显著性交互作用(P>0.05)。西方蹲具有较大的膝关节屈曲角、髌股关节接触力峰值、髋膝伸展力矩峰值之比,较小的踝关节背屈角、髋关节屈曲角(P<0.05)。带杆深蹲具有较大的踝关节背屈角、髌股关节接触力峰值和髋关节屈曲角,较小的膝关节屈曲角、髋膝伸展力矩峰值之比(P<0.05)。结论 西方蹲有助于训练伸髋肌群肌力,亚洲蹲则有助于训练伸膝肌群肌力。西方蹲髌股关节接触力峰值显著大于亚洲蹲,故推荐髌股关节痛患者采用亚洲蹲。带杆深蹲可补偿人体平衡,建议由于踝关节背屈活动范围受限或胫骨前肌无力人群可以考虑进行带杆深蹲等躯干控制训练,有助于提高深蹲时下肢稳定性。
Objective To investigate the effect of trunk control on the biomechanical characteristics of lower limb movements during Asian squats(AS) and Western squats(WS) in young adults to provide empirical support for the application and promotion of deep squat training.Methods Twenty-four healthy young male collegiate students performed AS and WS with and without bar control,and their lower limb kinematic and kinetic characteristics were collected using an infrared light-point motion capture system and a three-dimensional(3D) dynamometer.The 3D angles of the lower limbs were obtained using Cortex-642.6.2 software,based on the calculation of Euler angles,and the 3D moments were obtained by applying the inverse dynamics method.The effects of trunk control and deep squatting posture on the lower limb kinematic characteristics were examined using a two-factor analysis of variance with a 2 × 2 repeated design.Results There was no significant interaction between trunk control and the deep squatting posture for either kinematic or kinetic parameters(P>0.05).The WS group had a large knee flexion angle,peak patellofemoral contact force,and ratio of peak hip and knee extension moments,and small ankle dorsiflexion and hip flexion angles(P<0.05).The deep squat with a bar had a large ankle dorsiflexion angle,peak patellofemoral contact force,and hip flexion angle as well as a small knee flexion angle and ratio of peak hip and knee extension moments(P<0.05).Conclusions WS is helpful for training hip extension muscle groups,whereas AS is helpful for training knee extension muscle strength.The peak patellofemoral joint contact force of the WS is significantly greater than that of the AS;therefore,it is recommended that patients with patellofemoral joint pain use the AS.A squat with a bar can compensate for the body's balance;thus,people with limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion or anterior tibial muscle weakness may consider trunk control training,such as a deep squat with a bar.This may help improve lower limb stability during squats.
作者
郝乐天
陈纪均
杨亦敏
赵麒
王萌
高境辰
张美珍
HAO Letian;CHEN Jijun;YANG Yimin;ZHAO Qi;WANG Meng;GAO Jingchen;ZHANG Meizhen(College of Physical Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,030024,China)
出处
《医用生物力学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期118-124,共7页
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
基金
2022年国家级大学生创新创业项目(202210112019)。
关键词
亚洲蹲
西方蹲
躯干控制
运动学
动力学
Asian squat
Western squat
trunk control
kinematics
kinetics
作者简介
通信作者:张美珍,教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:meizhen1116@ 163.com。
