摘要
开展植被类型对土壤入渗特性及田面水流糙率影响的研究,可以为田间灌水技术参数的优化分析提供理论依据。以山西省夹马口引黄灌区试验站畦田灌水试验为依据,基于Kostiakov-Lewis三参数入渗模型,在运用水量平衡方程和曼宁公式的基础上,用单点求参法(用畦田内畦首、中、尾三点的入渗参数分别作为入渗参数值,仅对糙率值作优化求解)、均值求参法(用畦首、中、尾三点入渗参数的均值作为入渗参数值,仅对糙率值作优化求解)、组合求参法(用畦首、中、尾三点入渗参数中的最大值作为上限,最小值作为下限,对入渗参数和糙率值同时优化求解)对入渗参数及糙率进行直接求解,并利用基于零惯量模型的地面畦灌水流模拟软件WinSRFR4.1对求解参数进行了分析验证。结果表明:(1)用组合求参法拟合出的土壤入渗参数与地面水流糙率,决定系数R^(2)均在0.97以上,拟合精度较高。(2)玉米地土壤90 min累计入渗量Z_(90)为91.7 mm,糙率值为0.030;苹果树地Z_(90)为88.9 mm,糙率值为0.079;桃树地Z_(90)为115.9 mm,糙率值为0.138。在该试验区,一年生植物的Z_(90)明显大于多年生植物,植被类型对土壤入渗特性影响显著;鉴于组合求参法最大程度地弱化了土壤入渗参数的空间变异性,且拟合精度高于单点求参法和均值求参法,认为组合求参法最优,验证结果也进一步证明了该结论。
The study on the influence of vegetation types on soil infiltration characteristics and surface water roughness can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization analysis of field irrigation technical parameters.Based on the border irrigation experiment in the experimental station of the Yellow River irrigation area in Jia Makou,Shanxi Province,and the Kostiakov-Lewis three-parameter infiltration model,along with the water balance equation and Manning's formula,the infiltration parameters and roughness were solved using the singlepoint calibration method,mean calibration method,and combined calibration method.The reliability of the method in obtaining parameters is analyzed by simulation of surface irrigation water flow with the zero-inertia model-based software WinSRFR4.1.The results showed that the determination coefficient R^(2) of soil infiltration parameters and surface flow roughness obtained by the combined parametric method is above 0.97,and the fitting accuracy is high.The Z_(90)(cumulative infiltration of soil for 90 minutes)and roughness of a maize field,the apple tree field and the peach tree field are respectively 91.7 mm,0.030,88.9 mm,0.079,and 115.9 mm,0.138.In the experimental region,the Z_(90) of annual plants is significantly higher than that of the perennial plants.The vegetation types have significant effects on the soil infiltration characteristics.In view of the fact that the combined parameter method weakens the spatial variability of soil infiltration parameters to the greatest extent,and the fitting accuracy is higher than that of the single-point parameter method and the mean parameter method,the combined parameter method is considered to be the best,and the verification results further prove the conclusion.
作者
张梦佳
李炎
王仰仁
杨丽霞
ZHANG Meng-jia;LI Yan;WANG Yang-ren;YANG Li-xia(College of Water Conservancy Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;School of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第2期1-8,16,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51779174)
天津市科技计划项目(20YDTPJC01450)
山西省水利科技项目(2022GM005)。
关键词
植被类型
入渗模型
零惯量模型
地面水流糙率
引黄灌区
vegetation types
infiltration model
zero-inertia model
surface flow roughness
yellow irrigation district
作者简介
张梦佳(1998-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为灌溉排水理论与新技术。E-mail:zhangmengjia0814@163.com;通讯作者:李炎(1973-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为灌溉排水理论与新技术。E-mail:bfsqz0922@163.com。
