摘要
煤系物中存在丰富的锂、镓等战略性金属矿物,从中提取利用这些金属,既促进了资源再利用还可以增加我国战略性金属储备。由于锂镓的富集分离必经以厘清煤系锂、镓的赋存状态为前提,故先阐述了锂、镓含量检测和赋存形态研究,继而提出锂镓的预富集方法和分离提取方法,详细分析了物理分选法、化学分选法等富集方法,以及化学沉淀法、溶剂萃取法、离子交换吸附法和膜分离法等分离方法的技术原理和适用性。针对煤系锂、镓富集分离研究现状,提出了未来的发展方向,包括探清目标元素与有害元素的组合形式和成矿机理,提高煤系锂、镓的活化适应性和选择性,突破金属分离的技术瓶颈并优化生产工艺,实现酸碱溶液循环利用。研究成果可为煤系物的资源化利用和其他战略性金属的提取利用提供有益参考。
There are abundant strategic metal minerals such as lithium and gallium in coal-related resources.The extrac-tion and utilization of these minerals can not only promote resource reuse but also increase China′s strategic metal reserves.Clarifying the occurrence state of lithium and gallium of strategic metals in coal-related resources is the key of enrichment and seperation of lithium and gallium,the detection of lithium and gallium content and the study of occurrence forms are described firstly.The technical principles and applicability of physical separation,chemical separation and chemical precipitation,solvent extraction,ion exchange adsorption and membrane separation were analyzed in detail.According to the research status of the enrichment and separation of lithium and gallium in coal-related resources,the future development direction is proposed,inclu-ding exploring the combination form and metallogenic mechanism of target elements and harmful elements,improving the acti-vation adaptability and selectivity of lithium and gallium in coal-related resources,breaking the technical bottleneck of metal separation and optimizing the production process,achieving the acid and base solution be recycled.The research results could provide useful reference for the resource utilization of other coal-related resources and the extraction and utilization of strategic metals.
作者
方丹
夏阳超
李永改
邢耀文
苗真勇
桂夏辉
FANG Dan;XIA Yangchao;LI Yonggai;XING Yaowen;MIAO Zhenyong;GUI Xiahui(State Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Resources Green Exploitation,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期233-243,共11页
Metal Mine
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2021YFC2902602)
“十四五”国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(编号:2021YFC2900800)
江苏省自然科学基金-青年基金项目(编号:BK20210505)
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52104278)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号:2023M733769)
中国矿业大学第十一批优秀青年骨干教师项目(编号:中矿大人字[2023]2号)。
关键词
煤系物
锂镓
赋存状态
物理分选
化学活化
提取分离
coal-related resources
lithium and gallium
occurrence state
physical sorting
chemical activation
extraction and separation
作者简介
方丹(1997-),女,硕士研究生。;通信作者:夏阳超(1991-),男,助理研究员,博士,硕士研究生导师。
